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This paperback edition of Dr Hudson's advanced textbook presents the theory of small disturbances propagating through solids. The material is set out carefully in mathematical detail. The linearised theory of elasticity has now been replaced by a more fundamental approach based on a generalised theory of continuum mechanics. Despite this change of emphasis in solid mechanics there remain important areas of physics in which the linear theory is clearly of fundamental importance, especially in seismology, noise analysis and the non-destructive testing of materials. This is a textbook suitable for advanced undergraduates in a variety of disciplines, including applied mathematics, applied physics, geophysics and structural and civil engineering. The book is of particular interest to seismologists and physicists engaged in non-destructive testing.

Experience the unparalleled performance of the Sirchie BLUEMAXX Excitation Filter, specifically designed for Streamlight Flashlights. This high-quality accessory boasts superior spectral stability and physical durability, making it an essential tool for any flashlight owner. The BLUEMAXX Excitation Filter is engineered with hard, all-dielectric coatings, a feature that significantly enhances its durability. These robust coatings are not only resistant to humidity and heat, but also to thermal shock, abrasion, and handling. This ensures that your filter remains in optimal condition, even in the most challenging environments.Designed with precision, this filter for Streamlight Flashlights from Sirchie BLUEMAXX is a testament to the brand's commitment to quality and performance. It's not just an accessory, but a tool that enhances the functionality of your flashlight, making it more versatile and reliable.Incorporate the Sirchie BLUEMAXX Excitation Filter into your gear and experience the difference in your Streamlight Flashlights' performance. This product is a perfect blend of durability, reliability, and superior performance, designed to meet the needs of every flashlight user.

How about transforming your underwater photography experience? The Dichroic Excitation Filter for DS161, DS160, and DS125 Strobes is a game-changer for diving enthusiasts and professional photographers alike. This innovative filter, part of Ikelite's esteemed line of underwater photography equipment, is designed to convert your robust Ikelite DS161, DS160, or DS125 strobe into a fluorescence setup, without the need for expensive specialty lights or guided dives. Experience the underwater world in a new light, literally. This high-quality excitation filter, when attached to your light, and used in conjunction with a barrier filter on your mask and camera system, allows you to witness and capture the mesmerizing glow emitted from a variety of corals and marine life. The colors you'll see are predominantly vibrant greens, blues, and reds, adding a whole new dimension to your underwater images.The Dichroic Excitation Filter is not just versatile but also effective in enhancing the color and clarity of your underwater images. It achieves this by reducing the amount of blue light that enters the camera lens, thereby improving the overall color accuracy of your shots. Fluorescence, in simple terms, is the glow you see in glow sticks or jellyfish. It's technically the photon emitted as an electron relaxes from its excited state to its ground state. With this durable and innovative filter, you can experiment with fluorescence photography even during the day by using a powerful, filtered light source and under-exposing the ambient light. Explore your favorite diving spots with the Dichroic Excitation Filter for DS161, DS160, and DS125 Strobes and discover what you've been missing! This product is a testament to Ikelite's reputation for producing top-tier underwater photography equipment.

Bring your professional lighting to the next level with the Sirchie Excitation Filter for Pro-Light Alternate Light Source. With a precise 2" (5.1cm) diameter, this high-quality filter is designed to enhance your lighting setup, offering superior spectral stability and physical durability. Engineered with innovative technology, the filter boasts hard, all-dielectric coatings, ensuring it stands up to the rigors of professional use. Whether you're working in high humidity, intense heat, or dealing with thermal shock and abrasion, this reliable and versatile filter maintains its performance. Its unique design allows for easy installation and adjustment, making it a convenient addition to your lighting equipment. Crafted from durable materials, the Sirchie Excitation Filter promises longevity, making it a trusted choice for professionals seeking to optimize their alternate light source. Experience the difference in quality and innovation with the Sirchie Excitation Filter for Pro-Light Alternate Light Source, a testament to Sirchie's commitment to producing top-tier lighting accessories.

This paperback edition of Dr Hudson's advanced textbook presents the theory of small disturbances propagating through solids. The material is set out carefully in mathematical detail. The linearised theory of elasticity has now been replaced by a more fundamental approach based on a generalised theory of continuum mechanics. Despite this change of emphasis in solid mechanics there remain important areas of physics in which the linear theory is clearly of fundamental importance, especially in seismology, noise analysis and the non-destructive testing of materials. This is a textbook suitable for advanced undergraduates in a variety of disciplines, including applied mathematics, applied physics, geophysics and structural and civil engineering. The book is of particular interest to seismologists and physicists engaged in non-destructive testing.

This paperback edition of Dr Hudson's advanced textbook presents the theory of small disturbances propagating through solids. The material is set out carefully in mathematical detail. The linearised theory of elasticity has now been replaced by a more fundamental approach based on a generalised theory of continuum mechanics. Despite this change of emphasis in solid mechanics there remain important areas of physics in which the linear theory is clearly of fundamental importance, especially in seismology, noise analysis and the non-destructive testing of materials. This is a textbook suitable for advanced undergraduates in a variety of disciplines, including applied mathematics, applied physics, geophysics and structural and civil engineering. The book is of particular interest to seismologists and physicists engaged in non-destructive testing.

A survey of elementary processes and mechanisms, presenting useful and relatively simple methods of approximation for calculating the effective cross sections, giving a number of approximate formulas. Extensive tables list cross sections and rate coefficients for various atoms and elementary processes. For this second edition several sections and formulas have been substantially revised, the tables recalculated using the updated version of ATOM and recent progress in the field has been added.

A survey of elementary processes and mechanisms, presenting useful and relatively simple methods of approximation for calculating the effective cross sections, giving a number of approximate formulas. Extensive tables list cross sections and rate coefficients for various atoms and elementary processes. For this second edition several sections and formulas have been substantially revised, the tables recalculated using the updated version of ATOM and recent progress in the field has been added.

Liquid 4He and 3He are the purest Bose and Fermi liquids currently found in nature. Understanding their dynamics is fundamental to understanding more complex matter. This book provides an introduction to the subject and develops the theory of zero sound, phonons, rotons, spin and single particle excitations in quantum solids and fluids. Similarities between quantum solids and fluids are drawn wherever possible. Topics include dynamic response functions, neutron studies of solid helium, the nature of excitations in 3He, approximations to the dynamic susceptibility, and intermediate and high momentum transfer, among many others. In offering a critical comparison between theory and up-to-the-minute experimental data, the book provides a comprehensive assessment of our current understanding of collective and single particle excitations in quantum liquids and solids.

Appalachian Excitation Megafaun - LP 081159199067

The content of this book describes in detail the results of the present measurements of the partial and total doubly differential cross sections for the multiple-ionization of rare gas atoms by electron impact. These measurements show, beside other trends, the role of Auger transitions in the production of multiply ionized atoms in the region where the incident electron energy is sufficient to produce inner shell ionization. Other processes like Coster-Kronig transitions and shake off also contribute towards increasing the charge of the ions. The incident electron having energy of 6 keV, for example, in a collision with xenon atom can remove up to nine electrons! (*) X-ray-ion coincidence spectroscopy of the electron xenon atom collisions is also described.         The present measurements of doubly differential cross sections for the dissociative and non-dissociative ionization of hydrogen, sulfur dioxide and sulfur hexa fluoride molecular gases by electron impact are also described in the text of this book. The results of the measurements for sulfur dioxide molecule show how this major atmospheric pollutant can be removed from the atmosphere by electron impact dissociation of this molecule. The present results of the measurements for sulfur hexa fluoride give an insight into the dissociation properties of this molecular gas, which is being so widely used as a gaseous insulator in the electrical circuits.          The book also describes the present measurements of the polarization parameters of the fluorescence radiation emitted by the electron-impact-excited atoms of sodium and potassium. In these investigations the target atoms are polarized, therefore, the measurements of the polarization parameters give information about the electron atom interaction in terms of the interference, direct and exchange interaction channels.

In this new work, the focus is on the dynamical response of metal electrons to several types of incident electromagnetic fields. The author, an eminent theorist, discusses Time-Dependent Local Density Approximation's importance in both elucidating electronic surface excitations and describing the ground state properties of electronic systems. Chapters detail theoretical formulations and computational procedures, covering such areas as single-particle and collective modes, spatial distribution of the induced surface charges, and local electric fields. Excitation spectra are shown for a variety of clean simple metals, noble metals, chemisorbed overlayers, charged surfaces, and small metal particles.

This text continues to fill the need to communicate the present view of a solid as a system of interacting particles which, under suitable circumstances, behaves like a collection of nearly independent elementary excitations. In addition to introducing basic concepts, the author frequently refers to experimental data. Usually, both the basic theory and the applications discussed deal with the behavior of ‘simple' metals, rather than the ‘complicated' metals, such as the transition metals and the rare earths. Problems have been included for most of the chapters.

The content of this book describes in detail the results of the present measurements of the partial and total doubly differential cross sections for the multiple-ionization of rare gas atoms by electron impact. These measurements show, beside other trends, the role of Auger transitions in the production of multiply ionized atoms in the region where the incident electron energy is sufficient to produce inner shell ionization. Other processes like Coster-Kronig transitions and shake off also contribute towards increasing the charge of the ions. The incident electron having energy of 6 keV, for example, in a collision with xenon atom can remove up to nine electrons! (*) X-ray-ion coincidence spectroscopy of the electron xenon atom collisions is also described.         The present measurements of doubly differential cross sections for the dissociative and non-dissociative ionization of hydrogen, sulfur dioxide and sulfur hexa fluoride molecular gases by electron impact are also described in the text of this book. The results of the measurements for sulfur dioxide molecule show how this major atmospheric pollutant can be removed from the atmosphere by electron impact dissociation of this molecule. The present results of the measurements for sulfur hexa fluoride give an insight into the dissociation properties of this molecular gas, which is being so widely used as a gaseous insulator in the electrical circuits.          The book also describes the present measurements of the polarization parameters of the fluorescence radiation emitted by the electron-impact-excited atoms of sodium and potassium. In these investigations the target atoms are polarized, therefore, the measurements of the polarization parameters give information about the electron atom interaction in terms of the interference, direct and exchange interaction channels.

This book examines the nature of the coherent excitation produced in atoms by lasers, as well as the details of the transient variation of excited-state populations with time and how these depend upon such controllable parameters as laser frequency and intensity. It emphasizes the physical and mathematical theory that underlies contemporary description of this excitation. It is concerned with temporal behaviour rather than with the characteristic energy levels of the stationary status of atoms. In Volume 2, Part IV a variety of multi-state extensions of the simple two-state atom, beginning with three- state models and continuing to finite and infinite chains of excitation are examined. Part V presents and applies the theory of angular momentum to coherent excitation. The final part examines a number of extensions of coherent excitation, concluding with the theory of random processes and applications to the fluctuations that inevitably accompany excitation and act to destroy coherence. A set of appendices summarize background material.

In this new work, the focus is on the dynamical response of metal electrons to several types of incident electromagnetic fields. The author, an eminent theorist, discusses Time-Dependent Local Density Approximation's importance in both elucidating electronic surface excitations and describing the ground state properties of electronic systems. Chapters detail theoretical formulations and computational procedures, covering such areas as single-particle and collective modes, spatial distribution of the induced surface charges, and local electric fields. Excitation spectra are shown for a variety of clean simple metals, noble metals, chemisorbed overlayers, charged surfaces, and small metal particles.

Aimed at graduate students and researchers, this book covers the key aspects of the modern quantum theory of solids, including up-to-date ideas such as quantum fluctuations and strong electron correlations. It presents in the main concepts of the modern quantum theory of solids, as well as a general description of the essential theoretical methods required when working with these systems. Diverse topics such as general theory of phase transitions, harmonic and anharmonic lattices, bose condensation and superfluidity, modern aspects of magnetism including resonating valence bonds, electrons in metals, and strong electron correlations are treated using unifying concepts of order and elementary excitations. The main theoretical tools used to treat these problems are introduced and explained in a simple way, and their applications are demonstrated through concrete examples.

Giant resonances are collective excitations of the atomic nucleus, a typical quantum many-body system. The study of these fundamental modes has in many respects contributed to our understanding of the bulk behavior of the nucleus and of the dynamics of non-equilibrium excitations. Although the phenomenon of giant resonances has been known for more than 50 years, a large amount of information has been obtained in the last 10 years. This book gives an up-to-date, comprehensive account of our present knowledge of giant resonances. It presents the experimental facts and the techniques used to obtain that information, describes how these facts fit into theoretical concepts and how this allows to determine various nuclear properties which are otherwise difficult to obtain. Included as an introduction is an overview of the main facts, a short history of how the field has developed in the course of time, and a discussion of future perspectives.

Prefaces are usually written when a manuscript is finished. Having finished this book I can clearly see many shortcomings in it. But if I began to eliminate them I would probably write quite a different book in another two years; indeed, this has already happened once. In 1979, when I finished the first version of this book, it was much broader in scope and was to be titled "Laser Photochemistry." Corrections and additions to that unpublished manuscript gave rise to the present book with its revised title and more specific subject matter. I resolved to have it published in exactly this form, despite the fact that it concerns a dynamically developing field of research and will soon make way for other works. This book contains the basic ideas and results I have been developing with my colleagues, friends and students at the Institute of Spectroscopy, USSR Academy of Sciences, in the town of Troitsk since 1970. It deals with the interaction of light with atoms and molecules via multiple-phonon inter­ action. Nonlinear processes in the resonant interaction are used to illustrate the physical mechanisms involved and to indicate how these processes have led to modern applications such as isotope separation, detection of single atoms and molecules, and chemical and biochemical synthesis.

This book examines the nature of the coherent excitation produced in atoms by lasers. It examines the detailed transient variation of excited-state populations with time and with controllable parameters such as laser frequency and intensity. The discussion assumes modest prior knowledge of elementary quantum mechanics and, in some sections, nodding acquaintance with Maxwell's equations of electrodynamics. The volume is intended for physicists, opticists, spectroscopists and physical chemists.