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The book provides recent scientific information on mammals including their characteristic features, origin and evolution, distribution, zoo-geography adaptive radiation especially in limbs, teeth, integument, reproduction etc. The volume discusses 311 species of 156 genera belonging to 12 orders. The volume is profusely illustrated with line drawings, figures comprising black & white and colored plates to make it a lucid presentation. Following topics are covered in this book. Animal Kingdom, The Chordates, The Mammals, Indian Mammals, Adaptive Radiation in mammals, Reproduction, Classification, Systematic Enumeration of mammals of the order Insectivora, Chiroptera, Proboscidea, Sirenia, Pholidota, Lagomorpha, Perissodactyla, Artiodactyla, Rodentia, Carnivora, Cetacea and Primates.

Avian Biology, Volume II is a collection of papers that deals with the biology of birds such as their integumentary and respiratory systems. One paper describes the integument of birds that includes the skin, feathers, pterylosis, skin muscles, and other integumentary derivatives such as beaks, comb, claws, and spurs. The book explains the process of molting and the different generations of feathers; such molting is dependent on the wear and tear of the plumage, as well as hormonal changes. One author compares the blood vascular system of birds and mammals, and then gives a detailed description of avian hematology. Other papers deal with the respiratory functions, digestive system, and the nutritional needs of birds. Of interest is one author's description of the production of nutritive fluids, holocrine, which is secreted for the young. This secreted fluid contains about 23 percent protein, 10 percent fat, and no sugar. Unlike mammalian milk, it also contains cells. Another paper examines the intermediary metabolism of birds and the climatic effects on metabolism. This book is suitable for bird enthusiasts, zoologists, and avian biologists.

The book provides recent scientific information on mammals including their characteristic features, origin and evolution, distribution, zoo-geography adaptive radiation especially in limbs, teeth, integument, reproduction etc. The volume discusses 311 species of 156 genera belonging to 12 orders. The volume is profusely illustrated with line drawings, figures comprising black & white and colored plates to make it a lucid presentation. Following topics are covered in this book. Animal Kingdom, The Chordates, The Mammals, Indian Mammals, Adaptive Radiation in mammals, Reproduction, Classification, Systematic Enumeration of mammals of the order Insectivora, Chiroptera, Proboscidea, Sirenia, Pholidota, Lagomorpha, Perissodactyla, Artiodactyla, Rodentia, Carnivora, Cetacea and Primates.

Offering extensive information on tardigrades, this volume begins with a chapter on the history of tardigrades, from the first description by Goeze in 1773, until 1929, when the most comprehensive monographic approach by E. Marcus was published. Tardigrades’ organ systems, including their integument, body cavity, digestive, muscular, nervous and reproductive systems, as well as their overall external morphology, are summarized in the second chapter. Subsequent chapters present the current state of knowledge on tardigrade phylogeny, biogeography, paleontology, cytology and cytogenetics. In addition, the book provides insights into the ecology of tardigrades in marine, freshwater and terrestrial habitats. The reproduction, development and life cycles are summarized and the extraordinary environmental adaptations of encystment and cyclomorphosis, desiccation tolerance, freezing tolerance and radiation tolerance are discussed in detail. Further chapters provide an overview of key approaches in molecular tardigrade studies and describe techniques for sampling and sample processing. The book closes with a list of tardigrade taxa up to a sub-generic level, including the type species of each genus, the numbers of lower taxa in each taxon, and the main environments in which the taxa were found.Given its depth of coverage, the volume offers an invaluable resource for scientists from various disciplines who plan to research tardigrades, and for all others who are interested in these fascinating animals.

Offering extensive information on tardigrades, this volume begins with a chapter on the history of tardigrades, from the first description by Goeze in 1773, until 1929, when the most comprehensive monographic approach by E. Marcus was published. Tardigrades’ organ systems, including their integument, body cavity, digestive, muscular, nervous and reproductive systems, as well as their overall external morphology, are summarized in the second chapter. Subsequent chapters present the current state of knowledge on tardigrade phylogeny, biogeography, paleontology, cytology and cytogenetics. In addition, the book provides insights into the ecology of tardigrades in marine, freshwater and terrestrial habitats. The reproduction, development and life cycles are summarized and the extraordinary environmental adaptations of encystment and cyclomorphosis, desiccation tolerance, freezing tolerance and radiation tolerance are discussed in detail. Further chapters provide an overview of key approaches in molecular tardigrade studies and describe techniques for sampling and sample processing. The book closes with a list of tardigrade taxa up to a sub-generic level, including the type species of each genus, the numbers of lower taxa in each taxon, and the main environments in which the taxa were found.Given its depth of coverage, the volume offers an invaluable resource for scientists from various disciplines who plan to research tardigrades, and for all others who are interested in these fascinating animals.