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This book explores the impact of papal nepotism on the visual arts of seventeenth-century Rome through an examination of the painted vaults of Palazzo Barberini, the family palace of the foremost patron of the High Baroque, Pope Urban VIII (1623-1644). The study focuses on the intersection of art and power in the ceiling paintings commissioned by Urban's nephews in the 1620s and 1630s to adorn their new palace. Viewed against the backdrop of the changing social codes and power relationships that characterized the ferment of Rome in this period, Palazzo Barberini stands as a remarkable document asserting the divine sanction of that family's emergence. The author presents a new analytical approach for appraising the form and content of ceiling imagery, allowing for a thorough assessment of the painted scenes that functioned as vehicles of the social and political agenda of the Barberini. The vast fresco painted by Pietro da Cortona in the palace salone--the largest ceiling painting in Rome since Michelangelo's Sistine Ceiling--and Andrea Sacchi's Divine Wisdom fresco receive major consideration for their novel pictorial illusionism and their poetic symbolism. These principal components of the Barberini Palace cycle embody the definitive statement of Baroque allegory as a mode of optical and intellectual persuasion. Propagandistic purpose here finds exalted theo-political expression. In sum, this study undertakes to define the linkage between art patronage and social aspirations in the last great age of papal nepotism and to establish within this societal context a new means for grasping the technical and iconographic novelties of Roman Baroque ceiling painting.

230 pp., bibliography. Traditionally, The early modern era is regarded as a down period in the history of universities, between their youthful prosperity in the Middle Ages and the idealist revival in the 19th century. Scholastic and classical tradition, religious orthodoxy, political control, and nepotism hampered progress and made science a concern for courts and academies. Recent research has modified that appraisal, but not done away with it. Nor is it the aim of this volume to challenge it. The majority of the contributions look into practices and habits in teaching, recruiting and scholarship, aiming at a deeper understanding of what is different from today rather than tracing the origins of modernity. However, there are two exceptions to this. One is Oxford and Cambridge, where, it is argued, the beginnings of the research university started in the humanities, the other is the involvement of the University of Leiden in the struggle for Dutch independence.

The third edition of this standard reference work brings the history of Equatorial Guinea into the second Nguemist dictatorship, which began with the August 1979 coup of Obiang Nguema. It explains the continuity of the Nguema dynasty, marked by violence, disregard for human rights, nepotism, corruption, drug trafficking, and the confiscation of oil profits by high ranking members of the Clan of Mongomo. This edition also adds essential detail to the Report on Human Rights Practices that was submitted to the U.S. House of Representatives and the U.S. Senate, January 30, 1998.

A permanent political class has emerged on a scale unprecedented in our nation 's history. Its self-dealing, nepotism, and corruption contribute to rising inequality. Its reach extends from the governing elite throughout nongovernmental institutions. Aside from constituting an oligarchy of prestige and power, it enables the creation of an aristocracy of massive inherited wealth that is accumulating immense political power. In a muckraking tour de force reminiscent of Lincoln Steffens, Upton Sinclair, and C. Wright Mills, American Oligarchy demonstrates the way the corrupt culture of the permanent political class extends down to the state and local level. Ron Formisano breaks down the ways this class creates economic inequality and how its own endemic corruption infects our entire society. Formisano delves into the work of not just politicians but lobbyists, consultants, appointed bureaucrats, pollsters, celebrity journalists, behind-the-scenes billionaires, and others. Their shameless pursuit of wealth and self-aggrandizement, often at taxpayer expense, rewards channeling the flow of income and wealth to elites. That inequality in turn has choked off social mobility and made a joke of meritocracy. As Formisano shows, these forces respond to the oligarchy 's power and compete to bask in the presence of the .01 percent. They also exacerbate the dangerous instability of an American democracy divided between extreme wealth and extreme poverty.

230 pages. Traditionally, The early modern era is regarded as a down period in the history of universities, between their youthful prosperity in the Middle Ages and the idealist revival in the 19th century. Scholastic and classical tradition, religious orthodoxy, political control, and nepotism hampered progress and made science a concern for courts and academies. Recent research has modified that appraisal, but not done away with it. Nor is it the aim of this volume to challenge it. The majority of the contributions look into practices and habits in teaching, recruiting and scholarship, aiming at a deeper understanding of what is different from today rather than tracing the origins of modernity. However, there are two exceptions to this. One is Oxford and Cambridge, where, it is argued, the beginnings of the research university started in the humanities, the other is the involvement of the University of Leiden in the struggle for Dutch independence.

The third edition of this standard reference work brings the history of Equatorial Guinea into the second Nguemist dictatorship, which began with the August 1979 coup of Obiang Nguema. It explains the continuity of the Nguema dynasty, marked by violence, disregard for human rights, nepotism, corruption, drug trafficking, and the confiscation of oil profits by high ranking members of the Clan of Mongomo. This edition also adds essential detail to the Report on Human Rights Practices that was submitted to the U.S. House of Representatives and the U.S. Senate, January 30, 1998.

The first major biography of the Borgias in thirty years, Christopher Hibbert's latest history brings the family and the world they lived in—the glittering Rome of the Italian Renaissance—to life. The name Borgia is synonymous with the corruption, nepotism, and greed that were rife in Renaissance Italy. The powerful, voracious Rodrigo Borgia, better known to history as Pope Alexander VI, was the central figure of the dynasty. Two of his seven papal offspring also rose to power and fame—Lucrezia Borgia, his daughter, whose husband was famously murdered by her brother, and that brother, Cesare, who served as the model for Niccolò Machiavelli's The Prince. Notorious for seizing power, wealth, land, and titles through bribery, marriage, and murder, the dynasty's dramatic rise from its Spanish roots to its occupation of the highest position in Renaissance society forms a gripping tale. Erudite, witty, and always insightful, Hibbert removes the layers of myth around the Borgia family and creates a portrait alive with his superb sense of character and place.

The mounted troops of the Hapsburg Empire comprised one of the most powerful forces of the Napoleonic Wars (1799-1815). However, from the outset the cavalry's higher command was less capable than its infantry counterpart: appointments were influenced by nepotism and politics, which resulted in commands often being given to those who lacked experience. The cavalry underwent many re-organisations and expansions in the course of the wars that attempted to redress these matters, and to modernise the force as a whole. This title examines these processes and documents in detail the tactics, uniforms and equipment of the Austrian cavalry, covering Cuirassiers, Dragoons, Chevauxlegers, Hussars, Uhlan (lancer) and auxiliary units.