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The persistent objector rule is said to provide states with an 'escape hatch' from the otherwise universal binding force of customary international law. It provides that if a state persistently objects to a newly emerging norm of customary international law during the formation of that norm, then the objecting state is exempt from the norm once it crystallises into law. The conceptual role of the rule may be interpreted as straightforward: to preserve the fundamentalist positivist notion that any norm of international law can only bind a state that has consented to be bound by it. In reality, however, numerous unanswered questions exist about the way that it works in practice. Through focused analysis of state practice, this monograph provides a detailed understanding of how the rule emerged and operates, how it should be conceptualised, and what its implications are for the binding nature of customary international law. It argues that the persistent objector rule ultimately has an important role to play in the mixture of consent and consensus that underpins international law.

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This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.

Used but in very good condition. Clean cover, pages and text with tight binding. This is an ex-library book with stamps, barcode and sticker removal etc. This story is told in letters of Harold Studley Gray with a new introduction for the Garland Edition by Charles Chatfield. Epilogue 1934 We are a Benedictine Abbey/Seminary library. We appreciate your support.

World War II Conscientious Objectors: Germfask, Michigan the Alcatraz Camp 0.67

The persistent objector rule is said to provide states with an 'escape hatch' from the otherwise universal binding force of customary international law. It provides that if a state persistently objects to a newly emerging norm of customary international law during the formation of that norm, then the objecting state is exempt from the norm once it crystallises into law. The conceptual role of the rule may be interpreted as straightforward: to preserve the fundamentalist positivist notion that any norm of international law can only bind a state that has consented to be bound by it. In reality, however, numerous unanswered questions exist about the way that it works in practice. Through focused analysis of state practice, this monograph provides a detailed understanding of how the rule emerged and operates, how it should be conceptualised, and what its implications are for the binding nature of customary international law. It argues that the persistent objector rule ultimately has an important role to play in the mixture of consent and consensus that underpins international law.

Frank and Lucy Sunderland, English pacifists and fervent supporters of Labour politics and the New Town movement, were separated in 1916 when Frank was given his prison sentence as a conscientious objector. They wrote to each other from November 1916 until April 1919 while Frank was in prison at Wandsworth and at Bedford. Lucy looked after their three children at home in Letchworth, and earned enough to keep the family afloat be keeping hens, collecting insurance premiums and taking in sewing. Their letters record how their predominantly pacifist and Quaker circle in Letchworth supported the family during its ordeal, contrasting with the attitude of their own London families. This unique collection of letters is important as a working-class record of wartime experience. The unsophisticated descriptions about heartfelt, practical concerns reveal the wife's voice as well as that of the conscientious objector: no other WW1 memoirs or diary gives these details of the wife struggling to keep the home going in her husband's absence. The letters have been selected and edited by Kate Macdonald, to reveal first-hand details of the British home front during the First World War, and the impact on Lucy's daily life of British politics, the New Town movement, feminism and women's emancipation, adult and workers' education, and Quakerism and pacifism.

An incredible and interesting story from the times of World War 2. Desmond Doss would not touch a weapon because of his beliefs. He ended up earning the Medal of Honor, and this book does a great job of explaining why Desmond was so serious in his faith and how that faith helped him and the men in his company. An older book that can be hard to find, but can be purchased here.

Infantry men who once ridiculed and scoffed at Desmonds simple faith and refusal to carry a weapon owed their lives to him. In the midst of a fierce firefight on Okinawa that felled approximately 75 men from the 1st Battalion, Private Doss refused to seek cover and carried his stricken comrades to safety one by one. This and other heroic acts earned him the highest honor America can bestow on one of her sons - the Congressional Medal of Honor.

Contending with Christianity’s Critics is book two in a series on modern Christian apologetics that began with the popular Passionate Conviction. This second installment, featuring writings from eighteen respected apologists such as Gary Habermas and Ben Witherington, addresses challenges from noted New Atheists like Richard Dawkins (The God Delusion) and other contemporary critics of Christianity concerning belief in God, the historical Jesus, and Christianity’s doctrinal coherence. Contending with Christianity's Critics and Passionate Conviction are the result of national apologetics conferences sponsored by the Evangelical Philosophical Society (www.epsociety.org).

When Uncle Sam ordered Alfred and Charlie Fattig to answer the military draft during World War I, the brothers immediately grabbed their rifles. But not to march off to war. Conscientious objectors both, albeit lacking the formal education to fight induction, they retreated deep into southwest Oregon's rugged mountains where they hid out for three years, feasting on everything from bear to squirrel. Their saga is one of survival in what is now the Kalmiopsis Wilderness, arguably one of the ruggedest areas in the contiguous United States. Yet Madstone is more than a fascinating tale about two colorful draft dodgers a century ago. Southwest Oregon was a microcosm of rural America when the world was at war. Like most rural areas, the region was rife with young men eager to test their mettle in war. Patriotism was encouraged; pacifism was not. During his more than 30 years of research for the book, the author interviewed numerous WWI veterans who talked about the war and life in the region. Readers will also meet an army of other characters, including a gungho young man who, while the brothers were in their mountain redoubt, would become celebrated as the first American soldier to fire a shot at the enemy during WWI.

A look at the broad yet very basic issues every Christian must consider when confronted with military involvement, this book is a summary of what many Christians have believed since the beginning of Christianity.

DAYS OF DECISION presents a unique view of the Vietnam era--personal vignettes from 24 antiwar soldiers that are both historical and sociological in temper and tone. Chapter 1 details the development of a personal belief system that led these men to oppose war. Chapter 2 presents memories from basic and advanced military training. Chapter 3 captures visions of Vietnam from the unique perspective of the conscientious objector. Chapter 4 reports on resistance and antiwar activity, including court-martial and imprisonment. Chapter 5 discusses life after the military, including adjustment problems and current attitudes on issues of war, peace and conscientious objection. Chapter 6 features the stories of two men who did not quite meet the "operational definition" of a conscientious objector used for this book. That is, they either did not formally file for CO status, or after doing so, found other ways to express their opposition to the war. Their stories help us to understand the feelings of confusion and desperation felt by many servicemen of that era; further, they offer insight into the more generalized resistance that occurred in the military during that time. The Afterword outlines some common themes presented by the COs, and briefly discusses some of the other forms of GI resistance to the war. DAYS OF DECISION is recommended for: -teachers seeking supplementary reading for courses in the social sciences and history; -Vietnam veterans, antiwar GIs and peace activists--key actors in the events of that troubled time; -school, public and military libraries; -members of the armed forces and young people who still confront difficult choices of duty and conscience, and; -those who struggle to make our world a more peaceful place. DAYS OF DECISION. 338 pages, Introduction, Oral History, Glossary, Bibliography

Lew Ayres (1908-1996) became known to the public when he portrayed the leading character in the epic war film All Quiet on the Western Front. The role made him a household name, introduced him to his closest friends, brought him to the attention of his first two wives, and would overshadow the rest of his career. To be a movie star was his first and only ambition as a child, but once he found success, he was never fully satisfied in his choice of profession. Although lacking a formal education, Ayres spent the rest of his life pursuing dozens of intellectual studies, interests, and hobbies. He even considered ended his acting career after just a few years to pursue a more "respectable and fulfilling" path as a director. Ayres was given not one but two comeback opportunities in his acting career, in 1938 and 1945. He was cast in the film series Dr. Kildare where he showed his abilities in comedy and his unique strength at bringing a level of sincerity to even the most outlandish or idealist character. But he was willing to give up his star status in order to follow his moral compass, first as a conscientious objector and ultimately as a noncombat medic during World War II. To everyone's surprise, he was welcomed back to Hollywood with open arms and new opportunities despite his objector status. Biographer Lesley L. Coffin presents the story of a man of quiet dignity, constantly searching for the right way to live his life and torn between the public world of Hollywood and secluded life of spiritual introspection.

An oral history of Vietnam's conscientious objectors presents interviews with forty conscientious objectors, covering such issues as family, faith, the struggle to prove sincere opposition to the war, and other topics.

Between 1915 and 1946, the Canadian government put some ten thousand unskilled foreigners, jobless and homeless people, conscientious objectors, perceived enemies of the state, and prisoners of war to work in western Canada's national parks. These men had committed no crimes, but because of war or depression, they were seen as a possible threat to public order and a potential source of civil unrest. Many of the Banff, Jasper, and other national parks' heritage buildings and roads were constructed through the backbreaking work of the internees in these labour camps. More than 125 archival photographs illustrate this compelling history of how these men lived and worked, how they were treated, and the legacy they left in our national parks.

Fifty years ago, in 1958, Galtung gave the first course in Conflict and Peace Studies at Columbia University, New York. But the decision to develop pace studies was taken in 1951 when applying for status as conscientious objector in his native Norway. Since then there have been many courses, more than 100 books, and more than 1,000 articles covering many topics in conflict and peace studies. This book--a study in the philosophy of social sciences--is a report from the efforts to prepare the ground for peace studies, in five parts: Trans is about trans-nationality, -disciplinarity and -level; Epistemes is about expanding the horizon for scientific studies; Pillars is about the basics, deep nature, culture and structure; Peace is about violence-war-conflict-peace studies and practice; Globalism is about implications for some social sciences; and then an Epilogue for social sciences in general.

Steve Cary's memoirs, speeches, and writings reveal leadership and philosophy that mirror the Quaker experience in education and peace work in the latter half of the twentieth century.Born in 1915 to a Philadelphia Quaker family, Stephen G. Cary led a life of spirit, courage, and action. A conscientious objector during World War II, Steve co-led the American Friends Service Committee effort to help rebuild Europe after the war, served the AFSC for six decades, and participated in civil disobedience throughout his life. He returned to his alma mater, Haverford College, as vice president and interim president and played a major role in shaping the College's identity as a coeducational institution faithful to Quaker values.Despite a life of great accomplishment, Steve would rather have been described as a family man, adventurer, fan of Haverford, and storyteller. Through his peace work and leadership in Quaker education, Steve helped shape the changes in Quaker thought in the twentieth century.

In this classic compendium of civilian reminiscences, first published in 1988 and re-issued with a new introduction, Jonathan Croall provides a delightful insight into life on the home front during the Second World War. His diverse range of interviewees includes the wife of a jailed conscientious objector; the daughter of a soldier; and a Jewish refugee.

Set in an unspecified but eerily familiar time and landscape, this is the story of Mark, a protagonist who struggles against the machinations of a hostile society and bureaucracy. Suffering at first from the persecution of his father as a conscientious objector, his life quickly comes under the control of the Machiavellian Mr. Spector, an influential government minister who arranges Mark's education, later employment, and even accommodation. It is when Mark tries to break free from Spector's influence that his life begins to unravel.