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Commoditization-a virulent form of hypercompetition-is destroying markets, disrupting industries, and shuttering long-successful firms. Conventional wisdom says the best way to combat commoditization is differentiation. But differentiation is difficult and expensive to implement, and keeps you ahead of the pack only temporarily.In Beating the Commodity Trap, Richard D'Aveni provides a radical new framework for fighting back. Drawing on an in-depth study of more than thirty industries, he recommends first identifying the commoditization trap you're facing:-Deterioration: Low-end firms enter with low-cost/low-benefit offerings that attract the mass market-as Zara did to high-end fashion companies.-Proliferation: Companies develop new combinations of price paired with several unique benefits that attack part of an incumbents' market-as Japanese motorcycle makers did to Harley-Davidson.-Escalation: Players offer more benefits for the same or lower price, squeezing everyone's margins-as the iPhone did in mobile devices.The author provides a tool for diagnosing your competitive position and shows how to strengthen it while also boosting your pricing power-by destroying the commoditization trap confronting you, escaping it, or turning it to your advantage.Illustrated with a wealth of examples, this concise, practical guide gives you the framework and tactics you need to battle commoditization.

Electricity markets are being deregulated or face new regulatory frameworks. In such changing markets, new pricing strategies will need to consider such factors as cost, value of service and pricing by objective. Pricing in Competitive Electricity Markets introduces a new family of pricing concepts, methodologies, models, tools and databases focused on market-based pricing. This book reviews important theoretical pricing issues as well as practical pricing applications for changing electricity markets.

Electricity markets are being deregulated or face new regulatory frameworks. In such changing markets, new pricing strategies will need to consider such factors as cost, value of service and pricing by objective. Pricing in Competitive Electricity Markets introduces a new family of pricing concepts, methodologies, models, tools and databases focused on market-based pricing. This book reviews important theoretical pricing issues as well as practical pricing applications for changing electricity markets.

As globalization links economies, the value of a country's irrigation water becomes increasingly sensitive to competitive forces in world markets. Water policy at the national and regional levels will need to accommodate these forces or water is likely to become undervalued. The inefficient use of this resource will lessen a country's comparative advantage in world markets and slow its transition to higher incomes, particularly in rural households. While professionals widely agree on what constitutes sound water resource management, they have not yet reached a consensus on the best ways of implementing policies. Policymakers have considered pricing water - a debated intervention - in many variations. Setting the price 'right,' some say, may guide different types of users in efficient water use by sending a signal about the value of this resource. Aside from efficiency, itself an important policy objective, equity, accessibility, and implementation costs associated with the right pricing must be considered. Focusing on the examples of China, Mexico, Morocco, South Africa, and Turkey, Pricing Irrigation Water provides a clear methodology for studying farm-level demand for irrigation water. This book is the first to link the macroeconomics of policies affecting trade to the microeconomics of water demand for irrigation and, in the case of Morocco, to link these forces to the creation of a water user-rights market. This type of market reform, the contributors argue, will result in growing economic benefits to both rural and urban households.

As globalization links economies, the value of a country's irrigation water becomes increasingly sensitive to competitive forces in world markets. Water policy at the national and regional levels will need to accommodate these forces or water is likely to become undervalued. The inefficient use of this resource will lessen a country's comparative advantage in world markets and slow its transition to higher incomes, particularly in rural households. While professionals widely agree on what constitutes sound water resource management, they have not yet reached a consensus on the best ways of implementing policies. Policymakers have considered pricing water - a debated intervention - in many variations. Setting the price 'right,' some say, may guide different types of users in efficient water use by sending a signal about the value of this resource. Aside from efficiency, itself an important policy objective, equity, accessibility, and implementation costs associated with the right pricing must be considered. Focusing on the examples of China, Mexico, Morocco, South Africa, and Turkey, Pricing Irrigation Water provides a clear methodology for studying farm-level demand for irrigation water. This book is the first to link the macroeconomics of policies affecting trade to the microeconomics of water demand for irrigation and, in the case of Morocco, to link these forces to the creation of a water user-rights market. This type of market reform, the contributors argue, will result in growing economic benefits to both rural and urban households.

Finance Theory and Asset Pricing provides a concise guide to financial asset pricing theory for economists. Assuming a basic knowledge of graduate microeconomic theory, it explores the fundamental ideas that underlie competitive financial asset pricing models with symmetric information. Using finite dimensional techniques, this book avoids sophisticated mathematics and exploits economic theory to clarify the essential structure of recent research in asset pricing. In particular, it explores arbitrage pricing models with and without diversification, Martingale pricing methods and representative agent pricing models; discusses these ideas in two-date and multi-date models; and provides a range of examples from the literature. This second edition includes a new section dealing with more advanced multi-period models. In particular it considers discrete factor structure models that mimic recent continuous time models of interest rates, money, and nominal rates and exchange rates. Additional sections sketch extensions to real options and transaction costs.

Time-tested strategies for making the best possible pricing decisions and gaining an unbeatable competitive advantage Pricing is one of the most important―and difficult―marketing problems companies face when launching new products. Unfortunately, the research that goes into making optimal pricing decisions is a very time-consuming process―unless, that is, you can afford to pay a consultant or outside agency to do it for you. But if you're like most small- to medium-sized business owners and managers, time and money are two things you absolutely don't have to spare. Problem solved: Written by a nationally recognized pricing expert, this book arms you with proven strategies for guaranteeing that you'll never again leave money on the table when determining prices. And you'll spend the least possible time setting your more profitable prices. Packed with valuable worksheets and other valuable tools to help guide your research and your pricing decision-making A goldmine of expert tips for pricing in any specialty market, it offers a highly effective way to market your company's product more effectively and profitably Shows you how to avoid making your competitors' pricing mistakes and gain a powerful competitive edge in the process The author uses examples drawn from her years of consulting work with companies large and small, including Food Network, American Express Publishing, and Playboy

In recent years, the SIRUI 1.33x APS-C anamorphic lens series has revolutionized the market with its competitive pricing and exceptional optical performance. SIRUI is always looking to challenge and impress itself as a professional lens manufacturer. SIRUI is set to impress the film world once again with the 50mm T2.9 1.6x full-frame anamorphic lens, which is unparalleled in its class.

In recent years, the SIRUI 1.33x APS-C anamorphic lens series has revolutionized the market with its competitive pricing and exceptional optical performance. SIRUI is always looking to challenge and impress itself as a professional lens manufacturer. SIRUI is set to impress the film world once again with the 50mm T2.9 1.6x full-frame anamorphic lens, which is unparalleled in its class.

Ready to Ship Fast!!! All Reeds are Brand New, Factory Sealed and Unopened!Hassle/Haggle Free Pricing - We research the most competitive pricing so...

Ready to Ship Fast!!! All Reeds are Brand New, Factory Sealed and Unopened!Hassle/Haggle Free Pricing - We research the most competitive pricing so...

Comfortable Collection indoor stair treads offer polypropylene - olefin soft pile machine made construction with skid slip resistant rubber latex backing which works on most hardwood, marble etc stairs. These stair treads are exclusively made in Turkey. Competitive pricing meets with great quality. Includes : Set of 7 Stair Treads : Color : Dark Cream : Protect your stairs and create traction : Stain Resistant : Mildew Resistant : Fade Resistant : Indoor Use : Rubber backing will not work on carpet surface. In order to secure the stair treads in place, double-sided carpet tape required (not included) : Approx Stair Tread Size: 7 inch x 24 inch (±%3 may differ) : Machine washable without detergent , Do not use detergent (Cold/Cold, Delicate Cycle, No Dryer, No Bleach, Hang or Lay Flat to Dry) : Easy to clean and wash.

Comfortable Collection indoor stair treads offer polypropylene - olefin soft pile machine made construction with skid slip resistant rubber latex backing which works on most hardwood, marble etc stairs. These stair treads are exclusively made in Turkey. Competitive pricing meets with great quality. Includes : Set of 15 Stair Treads : Color : Dark Cream : Protect your stairs and create traction : Stain Resistant : Mildew Resistant : Fade Resistant : Indoor Use : Rubber backing will not work on carpet surface. In order to secure the stair treads in place, double-sided carpet tape required (not included) : Approx Stair Tread Size: 7 inch x 24 inch (±%3 may differ) : Machine washable without detergent , Do not use detergent (Cold/Cold, Delicate Cycle, No Dryer, No Bleach, Hang or Lay Flat to Dry) : Easy to clean and wash.

Comfortable Collection indoor stair treads offer polypropylene - olefin soft pile machine made construction with skid slip resistant rubber latex backing which works on most hardwood, marble etc stairs. These stair treads are exclusively made in Turkey. Competitive pricing meets with great quality. Includes : Set of 13 Stair Treads : Color : Black : Protect your stairs and create traction : Stain Resistant : Mildew Resistant : Fade Resistant : Indoor Use : Rubber backing will not work on carpet surface. In order to secure the stair treads in place, double-sided carpet tape required (not included) : Approx Stair Tread Size: 7 inch x 24 inch (±%3 may differ) : Machine washable without detergent , Do not use detergent (Cold/Cold, Delicate Cycle, No Dryer, No Bleach, Hang or Lay Flat to Dry) : Easy to clean and wash.

Comfortable Collection indoor stair treads offer polypropylene - olefin soft pile machine made construction with skid slip resistant rubber latex backing which works on most hardwood, marble etc stairs. These stair treads are exclusively made in Turkey. Competitive pricing meets with great quality. Includes : Set of 15 Stair Treads : Color : Brown : Protect your stairs and create traction : Stain Resistant : Mildew Resistant : Fade Resistant : Indoor Use : Rubber backing will not work on carpet surface. In order to secure the stair treads in place, double-sided carpet tape required (not included) : Approx Stair Tread Size: 7 inch x 24 inch (±%3 may differ) : Machine washable without detergent , Do not use detergent (Cold/Cold, Delicate Cycle, No Dryer, No Bleach, Hang or Lay Flat to Dry) : Easy to clean and wash.

Comfortable Collection indoor stair treads offer polypropylene - olefin soft pile machine made construction with skid slip resistant rubber latex backing which works on most hardwood, marble etc stairs. These stair treads are exclusively made in Turkey. Competitive pricing meets with great quality. Includes : Set of 15 Stair Treads : Color : Beige : Protect your stairs and create traction : Stain Resistant : Mildew Resistant : Fade Resistant : Indoor Use : Rubber backing will not work on carpet surface. In order to secure the stair treads in place, double-sided carpet tape required (not included) : Approx Stair Tread Size: 7 inch x 24 inch (±%3 may differ) : Machine washable without detergent , Do not use detergent (Cold/Cold, Delicate Cycle, No Dryer, No Bleach, Hang or Lay Flat to Dry) : Easy to clean and wash.

Comfortable Collection indoor stair treads offer polypropylene - olefin soft pile machine made construction with skid slip resistant rubber latex backing which works on most hardwood, marble etc stairs. These stair treads are exclusively made in Turkey. Competitive pricing meets with great quality. Includes : Set of 13 Stair Treads : Color : Dark Cream : Protect your stairs and create traction : Stain Resistant : Mildew Resistant : Fade Resistant : Indoor Use : Rubber backing will not work on carpet surface. In order to secure the stair treads in place, double-sided carpet tape required (not included) : Approx Stair Tread Size: 7 inch x 24 inch (±%3 may differ) : Machine washable without detergent , Do not use detergent (Cold/Cold, Delicate Cycle, No Dryer, No Bleach, Hang or Lay Flat to Dry) : Easy to clean and wash.

Comfortable Collection indoor matching mat offer polypropylene - olefin soft pile machine made construction with skid slip resistant rubber latex backing which works on most hardwood, marble etc. floors. These matching mats are exclusively made in Turkey. Competitive pricing meets with great quality. Includes : 1 Piece Matching Mat : Color : Beige : Stain Resistant : Mildew Resistant : Does Not Shed : Indoor Use : Rubber backing will not work on carpet surface. In order to secure the mats in place, double-sided carpet tape required (not included) : Approx Stair Tread Size: 36 inch x 30 inch (±%3 may differ) : Machine washable without detergent , Do not use detergent (Cold/Cold, Delicate Cycle, No Dryer, No Bleach, Hang or Lay Flat to Dry) : Easy to clean and wash. Color: Meander Beige 1 Piece.

Comfortable Collection indoor stair treads offer polypropylene - olefin soft pile machine made construction with skid slip resistant rubber latex backing which works on most hardwood, marble etc stairs. These stair treads are exclusively made in Turkey. Competitive pricing meets with great quality. Includes : Set of 13 Stair Treads : Color : Gray : Protect your stairs and create traction : Stain Resistant : Mildew Resistant : Fade Resistant : Indoor Use : Rubber backing will not work on carpet surface. In order to secure the stair treads in place, double-sided carpet tape required (not included) : Approx Stair Tread Size: 7 inch x 24 inch (±%3 may differ) : Machine washable without detergent , Do not use detergent (Cold/Cold, Delicate Cycle, No Dryer, No Bleach, Hang or Lay Flat to Dry) : Easy to clean and wash.

Comfortable Collection indoor stair treads offer polypropylene - olefin soft pile machine made construction with skid slip resistant rubber latex backing which works on most hardwood, marble etc stairs. These stair treads are exclusively made in Turkey. Competitive pricing meets with great quality. Includes : Set of 7 Stair Treads : Color : Red : Protect your stairs and create traction : Stain Resistant : Mildew Resistant : Fade Resistant : Indoor Use : Rubber backing will not work on carpet surface. In order to secure the stair treads in place, double-sided carpet tape required (not included) : Approx Stair Tread Size: 7 inch x 24 inch (±%3 may differ) : Machine washable without detergent , Do not use detergent (Cold/Cold, Delicate Cycle, No Dryer, No Bleach, Hang or Lay Flat to Dry) : Easy to clean and wash.