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In this important theoretical treatise, Jean Lave, anthropologist, and Etienne Wenger, computer scientist, push forward the notion of situated learning--that learning is fundamentally a social process and not solely in the learner's head. The authors maintain that learning viewed as situated activity has as its central defining characteristic a process they call legitimate peripheral participation. Learners participate in communities of practitioners, moving toward full participation in the sociocultural practices of a community. Legitimate peripheral participation provides a way to speak about crucial relations between newcomers and oldtimers and about their activities, identities, artifacts, knowledge and practice. The communities discussed in the book are midwives, tailors, quartermasters, butchers, and recovering alcoholics, however, the process by which participants in those communities learn can be generalized to other social groups.

This book shows how participatory and situated approaches to learning contribute to the education of linguistic and ethnic minority populations. It addresses different facets of the topic through critical examinations of classroom and school-based practi

This book shows how participatory and situated approaches to learning contribute to the education of linguistic and ethnic minority populations. It addresses different facets of the topic through critical examinations of classroom and school-based practi

This lively and original book offers a provocative critique of the dominant assumptions regarding human action and communication which underlie recent research in machine intelligence. Lucy Suchman argues that the planning model of interaction favoured by the majority of AI researchers does not take sufficient account of the situatedness of most human social behaviour. The problems that can arise as a result are pertinently, and often amusingly, illustrated by the careful analysis of a recorded interaction between novice users and an intelligent machine, whose design has failed to accommodate essential resources of successful human communication. Plans and Situated Actions presents a compelling case for the re-examination of current models underlying interface design. Lucy Suchman's proposals for a fresh characterisation of human-computer interaction which also incorporates recent insights from the social sciences provides a challenge that everyone interested in machine intelligence will seriously need to consider.

This lively and original book offers a provocative critique of the dominant assumptions regarding human action and communication which underlie recent research in machine intelligence. Lucy Suchman argues that the planning model of interaction favoured by the majority of AI researchers does not take sufficient account of the situatedness of most human social behaviour. The problems that can arise as a result are pertinently, and often amusingly, illustrated by the careful analysis of a recorded interaction between novice users and an intelligent machine, whose design has failed to accommodate essential resources of successful human communication. Plans and Situated Actions presents a compelling case for the re-examination of current models underlying interface design. Lucy Suchman's proposals for a fresh characterisation of human-computer interaction which also incorporates recent insights from the social sciences provides a challenge that everyone interested in machine intelligence will seriously need to consider.

Why do poor and minority students under-perform in school? Do computer games help or hinder learning? What can new research in psychology teach our educational policy-makers?In this major new book, Gee tackles the 'big ideas' about language, literacy and learning, putting forward an integrated theory that crosses disciplinary boundaries, and applying it to some of the very real problems that face educationalists today.Situated Language and Learning looks at the specialist academic varieties of language that are used in disciplines such as mathematics and the sciences. It argues that the language acquisition process needed to learn these forms of language is not given enough attention by schools, and that this places unfair demands on poor and minority students.The book compares this with learning as a process outside the classroom, applying this idea to computer and video games, and exploring the particular processes of learning which take place as a child interacts with others and technology to learn and play. In doing so, Gee examines what video games can teach us about how to improve learning in schools and engages with current debates on subjects such as 'communities of practice' and 'digital literacies'.Bringing together the latest research from a number of disciplines, Situated Language and Learning is a bold and controversial book by a leading figure in the field, and is essential reading for anyone interested in education and language.

This 2007 book considers how agencies are currently figured at the human-machine interface, and how they might be imaginatively and materially reconfigured. Contrary to the apparent enlivening of objects promised by the sciences of the artificial, the author proposes that the rhetorics and practices of those sciences work to obscure the performative nature of both persons and things. The question then shifts from debates over the status of human-like machines, to that of how humans and machines are enacted as similar or different in practice, and with what theoretical, practical and political consequences. Drawing on scholarship across the social sciences, humanities and computing, the author argues for research aimed at tracing the differences within specific sociomaterial arrangements without resorting to essentialist divides. This requires expanding our unit of analysis, while recognizing the inevitable cuts or boundaries through which technological systems are constituted.

This is along awaited book. For the first time parents are treated as intelligent as well as caring people who have a legitimate interest in their children's educational progress and situation. Peter Lawrence does not write down to parents but treats them as intelligent partners in a study of the origins and nature of learning disabilities in particular those associated with learning to read. While the whole of the text is relevant to the subject of dyslexia, he puts forward a strong case for discontinuing the use of this ambiguous term. The concept of intelligence and the processes of perception are discussed in a comprehensive and comprehensible way and their significance for formal learning considered. Fortunate parents, whose children are not disabled learners in any specific sense will discover information which throws new light on such facile comments as 'could do better', and will find new insights into the processes of formal learning especially in the early years. Intelligence testing, its purpose and limitations are discussed, together with a consideration of the basic factors of heredity and environment and their respective significance for behavior and learning. The much misused and often misconceived description of 'minimal brain damage' is considered at length with reassuring conclusions for many parents. Although intended primarily for parents, there is probably no teacher who would not benefit from reading this book.

As more and more secondary schools and colleges accept American Sign Language (ASL) as a legitimate choice for second language study, Learning to See has become even more vital in guiding instructors on the best ways to teach ASL as a second language. And now this groundbreaking book has been updated and revised to reflect the significant gains in recognition that deaf people and their native language, ASL, have achieved in recent years.        Learning to See lays solid groundwork for teaching and studying ASL by outlining the structure of this unique visual language. Myths and misconceptions about ASL are laid to rest at the same time that the fascinating, multifaceted elements of Deaf culture are described. Students will be able to study ASL and gain a thorough understanding of the cultural background, which will help them to grasp the language more easily. An explanation of the linguistic basis of ASL follows, leading into the specific, and above all, useful information on teaching techniques.        This practical manual systematically presents the steps necessary to design a curriculum for teaching ASL, including the special features necessary for training interpreters. The new Learning to See again takes its place at the forefront of texts on teaching ASL as a second language, and it will prove to be indispensable to educators and administrators in this special discipline.

Until relatively recently, adult learning in the UK was largely recognised as being situated mainly within the LEA adult education centre, university extra-mural departments and the WEA. However, this picture has changed. The major change has been a shift from 'education' to 'learning' as the key organising concept. A greater range of settings are now recognised as sites producing learning, and alongside this has grown a debate about the purpose and form of study within adult learning. This has led people to question both the concept of adult learning and the boundaries of its provision. This book reviews and assesses the changes which are taking place. It explores the disputes surrounding adult learning, discussing how boundaries have blurred thereby creating new opportunities such as APL and credit transfer, and including a significantly wider range of activities within the definition of learning. It also assesses the extent to which, despite the changes in boundaries, inequalities in learning opportunities still persist.

Publisher's Note: Products purchased from Third Party sellers are not guaranteed by the publisher for quality, authenticity, or access to any online entitlements included with the product.A comprehensive look at reverse engineering as a legitimate learning, design, and troubleshooting toolThis unique book examines the often underappreciated and occasionally maligned technique of reverse engineering. More than a shortcut for the lazy or unimaginative to reproduce an artless copy of an existing creation, reverse engineering is an essential brick – if not a keystone – in the pathway to a society’s technological advancement.Written by an engineer who began teaching after years in industry, Reverse Engineering reviews this meticulous analytical process with a breadth and depth as never before. Find out how to: Learn by “mechanical dissection”Deduce the role, purpose, and functionality of a designed entityIdentify materials-of-construction and methods-of-manufacture by observation aloneAssess the suitability of a design to purpose from form and fitThe rich heritage of engineering breakthroughs enabled by reverse engineering is also discussed. This is not a dry textbook. It is the engaging and enlightening account of the journey of engineering from the astounding creations of ancient cultures to what, with the aid of reverse engineering, promises to be an even more astounding future!Coverage includes: Methods of product teardownFailure analysis and forensic engineeringDeducing or inferring role, purpose, and functionality during reverse engineeringThe Antikythera mechanismIdentifying materials-of-constructionInferring methods-of-manufacture or -constructionConstruction of Khufu’s pyramidAssessing design suitabilityValue and production engineeringReverse engineering of materials and substancesReverse engineering of broken, worn, or obsolete parts for remanufactureThe law and the ethics of reverse engineering

Publisher's Note: Products purchased from Third Party sellers are not guaranteed by the publisher for quality, authenticity, or access to any online entitlements included with the product.A comprehensive look at reverse engineering as a legitimate learning, design, and troubleshooting toolThis unique book examines the often underappreciated and occasionally maligned technique of reverse engineering. More than a shortcut for the lazy or unimaginative to reproduce an artless copy of an existing creation, reverse engineering is an essential brick – if not a keystone – in the pathway to a society’s technological advancement.Written by an engineer who began teaching after years in industry, Reverse Engineering reviews this meticulous analytical process with a breadth and depth as never before. Find out how to: Learn by “mechanical dissection”Deduce the role, purpose, and functionality of a designed entityIdentify materials-of-construction and methods-of-manufacture by observation aloneAssess the suitability of a design to purpose from form and fitThe rich heritage of engineering breakthroughs enabled by reverse engineering is also discussed. This is not a dry textbook. It is the engaging and enlightening account of the journey of engineering from the astounding creations of ancient cultures to what, with the aid of reverse engineering, promises to be an even more astounding future!Coverage includes: Methods of product teardownFailure analysis and forensic engineeringDeducing or inferring role, purpose, and functionality during reverse engineeringThe Antikythera mechanismIdentifying materials-of-constructionInferring methods-of-manufacture or -constructionConstruction of Khufu’s pyramidAssessing design suitabilityValue and production engineeringReverse engineering of materials and substancesReverse engineering of broken, worn, or obsolete parts for remanufactureThe law and the ethics of reverse engineering