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Kleine medizintheoretische Schriften. Hrsg. von Rainer Enskat und Alejandro G. Vigo. Wolfgang Wieland, emeritierter Ordinarius für Philosophie der Universität Heidelberg und Arzt, ist durch seine beiden Monographien "Diagnose. Überlegungen zur Medizintheorie" (1975, 2004) und "Strukturwandel der Medizin und ärztliche Ethik. Philosophische Überlegungen zu Grundfragen einer praktischen Wissenschaft" (1985) zu einem der international renommiertesten Medizintheoretiker geworden. Aus dem thematischen Spannungsfeld dieser beiden Hauptschriften versammelt der Band zehn kleinere, zwischen 1983 und 1995 verstreut erschienene Texte (davon einer in englischer Sprache), die aus verschiedenen Perspektiven in Prinzipien und Strukturen der Medizin, der Gesundheitspolitik und der ärztlichen Tätigkeit einführen. Aus dem Inhalt: Systematische Bemerkungen zum Diagnosebegriff (1983). - Grundlagen der Krankheitsbetrachtung (1985). - Prolegomena zum Zeitbegriff (1985). - Strukturtypen ärztlichen Handelns (1989). - The Concept of the Art of Medicine (1993). - Das Menschenbild in der Gesundheitspolitik (1993). - Prognose. Philosophische Überlegungen zu einem Arbeitsbegriff des Arztes (1994). - Das Begründungsproblem in der Medizin (1995). - Der Arzt und seine Handlungsnormen im Spannungsfeld der Wahrscheinlichkeit (1995). - Philosophische Aspekte des Krankheitsbegriffs (1995). 240 Seiten, broschiert (Reason and Normativity. A Series on Practical Reason, Morality, and Natural Law; Band 9/Olms Verlag 2014). Früher EUR 39,80. Gewicht: 372 g - Softcover/Taschenbuch - Sprache: Deutsch

Aristotle's Categories can easily seem to be a statement of a naïve, pre-philosophical ontology, centered around ordinary items. Wolfgang-Rainer Mann argues that the treatise, in fact, presents a revolutionary metaphysical picture, one Aristotle arrives at by (implicitly) criticizing Plato and Plato's strange counterparts, the "Late-Learners" of the Sophist. As Mann shows, the Categories reflects Aristotle's discovery that ordinary items are things (objects with properties). Put most starkly, Mann contends that there were no things before Aristotle. The author's argument consists of two main elements. First, a careful investigation of Plato which aims to make sense of the odd-sounding suggestion that things do not show up as things in his ontology. Secondly, an exposition of the theoretical apparatus Aristotle introduces in the Categories--an exposition which shows how Plato's and the Late-Learners' metaphysical pictures cannot help but seem inadequate in light of that apparatus. In doing so, Mann reveals that Aristotle's conception of things--now so engrained in Western thought as to seem a natural expression of common sense--was really a hard-won philosophical achievement. Clear, subtle, and rigorously argued, The Discovery of Things will reshape our understanding of some of Aristotle's--and Plato's--most basic ideas.

Aristotle's Categories can easily seem to be a statement of a naïve, pre-philosophical ontology, centered around ordinary items. Wolfgang-Rainer Mann argues that the treatise, in fact, presents a revolutionary metaphysical picture, one Aristotle arrives at by (implicitly) criticizing Plato and Plato's strange counterparts, the "Late-Learners" of the Sophist. As Mann shows, the Categories reflects Aristotle's discovery that ordinary items are things (objects with properties). Put most starkly, Mann contends that there were no things before Aristotle. The author's argument consists of two main elements. First, a careful investigation of Plato which aims to make sense of the odd-sounding suggestion that things do not show up as things in his ontology. Secondly, an exposition of the theoretical apparatus Aristotle introduces in the Categories--an exposition which shows how Plato's and the Late-Learners' metaphysical pictures cannot help but seem inadequate in light of that apparatus. In doing so, Mann reveals that Aristotle's conception of things--now so engrained in Western thought as to seem a natural expression of common sense--was really a hard-won philosophical achievement. Clear, subtle, and rigorously argued, The Discovery of Things will reshape our understanding of some of Aristotle's--and Plato's--most basic ideas.