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This book provides an introduction to the relatively new discipline of arithmetic dynamics. Whereas classical discrete dynamics is the study of iteration of self-maps of the complex plane or real line, arithmetic dynamics is the study of the number-theoretic properties of rational and algebraic points under repeated application of a polynomial or rational function. A principal theme of arithmetic dynamics is that many of the fundamental problems in the theory of Diophantine equations have dynamical analogs.This graduate-level text provides an entry for students into an active field of research and serves as a standard reference for researchers.

The theory of elliptic curves is distinguished by its long history and by the diversity of the methods that have been used in its study. This book treats the arithmetic theory of elliptic curves in its modern formulation, through the use of basic algebraic number theory and algebraic geometry. The book begins with a brief discussion of the necessary algebro-geometric results, and proceeds with an exposition of the geometry of elliptic curves, the formal group of an elliptic curve, elliptic curves over finite fields, the complex numbers, local fields, and global fields. The last two chapters deal with integral and rational points, including Siegel's theorem and explicit computations for the curve Y^2 = X^3 + DX. The book contains three appendices: Elliptic Curves in Characteristics 2 and 3, Group Cohomology, and a third appendix giving an overview of more advanced topics.

Because evolution endowed humans with a complement of ten fingers, a grouping size of ten seems natural to us, perhaps even ideal. But from the perspective of mathematics, groupings of ten are arbitrary, and can have serious shortcomings. Twelve would be better for divisibility, and eight is smaller and well suited to repeated halving. Grouping by two, as in binary code, has turned out to have its own remarkable advantages.Paul Lockhart reveals arithmetic not as the rote manipulation of numbers―a practical if mundane branch of knowledge best suited for balancing a checkbook or filling out tax forms―but as a set of ideas that exhibit the fascinating and sometimes surprising behaviors usually reserved for higher branches of mathematics. The essence of arithmetic is the skillful arrangement of numerical information for ease of communication and comparison, an elegant intellectual craft that arises from our desire to count, add to, take away from, divide up, and multiply quantities of important things. Over centuries, humans devised a variety of strategies for representing and using numerical information, from beads and tally marks to adding machines and computers. Lockhart explores the philosophical and aesthetic nature of counting and of different number systems, both Western and non-Western, weighing the pluses and minuses of each.A passionate, entertaining survey of foundational ideas and methods, Arithmetic invites readers to experience the profound and simple beauty of its subject through the eyes of a modern research mathematician.

Tuning is the secret lens through which the history of music falls into focus, says Kyle Gann. Yet in Western circles, no other musical issue is so ignored, so taken for granted, so shoved into the corners of musical discourse. A classroom essential and an invaluable reference, The Arithmetic of Listening offers beginners the grounding in music theory necessary to find their own way into microtonality and the places it may take them. Moving from ancient Greece to the present, Kyle Gann delves into the infinite tunings available to any musician who feels straitjacketed by obedience to standardized Western European tuning. He introduces the concept of the harmonic series and demonstrates its relationship to equal-tempered and well-tempered tuning. He also explores recent experimental tuning models that exploit smaller intervals between pitches to create new sounds and harmonies. Systematic and accessible, The Arithmetic of Music provides a much-needed primer for the wide range of tuning systems that have informed Western music.

The theory of elliptic curves is distinguished by its long history and by the diversity of the methods that have been used in its study. This book treats the arithmetic approach in its modern formulation, through the use of basic algebraic number theory and algebraic geometry. Following a brief discussion of the necessary algebro-geometric results, the book proceeds with an exposition of the geometry and the formal group of elliptic curves, elliptic curves over finite fields, the complex numbers, local fields, and global fields. Final chapters deal with integral and rational points, including Siegels theorem and explicit computations for the curve Y = X + DX, while three appendices conclude the whole: Elliptic Curves in Characteristics 2 and 3, Group Cohomology, and an overview of more advanced topics.

"Throughout the volume, the author is delighted to develop his marvelous experience that elementary mathematics has a lot of depth and beauty. This text reinforces the importance if indepth understanding of mathematics. I would recommend this text to Mathematics Educators. It provides a very good look into elementary education in Israel, while at the same time reinforcing effective mathematics education that could be taught anywhere." Maa Reviews "I highly recommend the book to parents who have math phobias as well as those who want to brush up on their math skills to assist their children with homework assignments. It will give parents the confidence to help their children succeed and thrive in mathematics." Mathematics Teaching in the Middle School This book is the result of a unique experience: a research mathematician teaching in an elementary school. It tells about a fascinating discovery made by the author - that elementary mathematics has a lot of depth and beauty, and that the secret to its teaching is in understanding its deep points. The first part of the book discusses the nature of mathematics and its beauty. The second part tells about the teaching principles the author distilled from his experience. The third part is an excursion through the arithmetic studied in elementary school, accompanied by personal stories, historical anecdotes and teaching suggestions. The appendix relates the fascinating story of modern day politics of mathematical education. The book was a bestseller in Israel, and has been translated into many languages. The extraordinary combination of mathematical and didactic insights makes it an essential guide for parents and teachers alike.

Arithmetic and Algebra: Numbers and the beginnings of Algebra is written for students of mathematics in classes 7 to 10. It can be used by middle school and high school mathematics teachers who wish to take their students to a deeper level of the subject; it can also be studied by those who have a general interest in the subject. With the help of revealing examples and exercises, the book aims to help students journey into a world of pattern, power and beauty?a journey which can enrich their life greatly. This is the first book in the MPOWER series of books on arithmetic, algebra and geometry and is included in the Ramanujan Mathematical Series: Little Mathematical Treasures.

These books are ideal student self-help supplements. They offer valuable overviews of course work and extra help with difficult subject areas. This volume includes all the essentials in one clear volume, including math fundamentals, quantitative word problems, exercises, tests with answers, puzzles, and amusing cartoons.

This book is different from other books of similar content, not in term of the material it contains but in term of the way this material is processed and presented. It does not only study the arithmetic topics studied in school, but also analyzes how these ones can be used in various other areas and in solving real life problems. Additionally, it does not try to turn enjoyable and entertaining problems into tedious tasks that are often fruitless for serious work. It avoids difficult problems and selects only the material that is accessible for the majority of the readers.

Because evolution endowed humans with a complement of ten fingers, a grouping size of ten seems natural to us, perhaps even ideal. But from the perspective of mathematics, groupings of ten are arbitrary, and can have serious shortcomings. Twelve would be better for divisibility, and eight is smaller and well suited to repeated halving. Grouping by two, as in binary code, has turned out to have its own remarkable advantages.Paul Lockhart reveals arithmetic not as the rote manipulation of numbers―a practical if mundane branch of knowledge best suited for balancing a checkbook or filling out tax forms―but as a set of ideas that exhibit the fascinating and sometimes surprising behaviors usually reserved for higher branches of mathematics. The essence of arithmetic is the skillful arrangement of numerical information for ease of communication and comparison, an elegant intellectual craft that arises from our desire to count, add to, take away from, divide up, and multiply quantities of important things. Over centuries, humans devised a variety of strategies for representing and using numerical information, from beads and tally marks to adding machines and computers. Lockhart explores the philosophical and aesthetic nature of counting and of different number systems, both Western and non-Western, weighing the pluses and minuses of each.A passionate, entertaining survey of foundational ideas and methods, Arithmetic invites readers to experience the profound and simple beauty of its subject through the eyes of a modern research mathematician.

Arithmetic and Logic in Computer Systems provides a useful guide to a fundamental subject of computer science and engineering. Algorithms for performing operations like addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division in digital computer systems are presented, with the goal of explaining the concepts behind the algorithms, rather than addressing any direct applications. Alternative methods are examined, and explanations are supplied of the fundamental materials and reasoning behind theories and examples. No other current books deal with this subject, and the author is a leading authority in the field of computer arithmetic. The text introduces the Conventional Radix Number System and the Signed-Digit Number System, as well as Residue Number System and Logarithmic Number System. This book serves as an essential, up-to-date guide for students of electrical engineering and computer and mathematical sciences, as well as practicing engineers and computer scientists involved in the design, application, and development of computer arithmetic units.

For almost four decades, Made Simple books have set the standard for continuing education and home study. In answer to the changing needsof today's marketplace, the Made Simple series for the '90s presents a thoroughly up-to-the-minute portfolio of skills, information, and experience, with revised and updated editions of bestselling titles, plus a whole range of new subjects from personal finance to office management to desktop publishing.B & W illustrations throughout

Everybody uses arithmetic on virtually a daily basis, and this book serves as a handy brush-up for general readers while it also helps students master basic skills that they need before moving up to high-school-level math and beyond. It reviews addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division, then moves on to calculating with fractions, decimals, and percentages. A concluding chapter reviews units of measurement and word problems. Chapters are filled with short practice exercises, all of which are answered at the back of the book. The book features many tables, charts, and line illustrations. Barron's Easy Way books introduce a variety of academic and practical subjects to students and general readers in clear, understandable language. Ideal as self-teaching manuals for readers interested in learning a new career-related skill, these books have also found widespread classroom use as supplementary texts and brush-up test-preparation guides. Subject heads and key phrases that need to be learned are set in a second color.

This comprehensive introduction to multiplicative number theory covers counting integer points close to smooth curves and its relation to the distribution of squarefree numbers, exponential sums and algebraic number fields. Includes numerous exercises.

This volume is the result of a (mainly) instructional conference on arithmetic geometry, held from July 30 through August 10, 1984 at the University of Connecticut in Storrs. This volume contains expanded versions of almost all the instructional lectures given during the conference. In addition to these expository lectures, this volume contains a translation into English of Falt­ ings' seminal paper which provided the inspiration for the conference. We thank Professor Faltings for his permission to publish the translation and Edward Shipz who did the translation. We thank all the people who spoke at the Storrs conference, both for helping to make it a successful meeting and enabling us to publish this volume. We would especially like to thank David Rohrlich, who delivered the lectures on height functions (Chapter VI) when the second editor was unavoidably detained. In addition to the editors, Michael Artin and John Tate served on the organizing committee for the conference and much of the success of the conference was due to them-our thanks go to them for their assistance. Finally, the conference was only made possible through generous grants from the Vaughn Foundation and the National Science Foundation.

This book provides an introduction to the relatively new discipline of arithmetic dynamics. Whereas classical discrete dynamics is the study of iteration of self-maps of the complex plane or real line, arithmetic dynamics is the study of the number-theoretic properties of rational and algebraic points under repeated application of a polynomial or rational function. A principal theme of arithmetic dynamics is that many of the fundamental problems in the theory of Diophantine equations have dynamical analogs.This graduate-level text provides an entry for students into an active field of research and serves as a standard reference for researchers.

Arithmetic and Algebra: Numbers and the beginnings of Algebra is written for students of mathematics in classes 7 to 10. It can be used by middle school and high school mathematics teachers who wish to take their students to a deeper level of the subject; it can also be studied by those who have a general interest in the subject. With the help of revealing examples and exercises, the book aims to help students journey into a world of pattern, power and beauty?a journey which can enrich their life greatly. This is the first book in the MPOWER series of books on arithmetic, algebra and geometry and is included in the Ramanujan Mathematical Series: Little Mathematical Treasures.

The bestselling guide updated and expanded for today's mathphobes Written by two pioneers of the concept of math anxiety and how to overcome it, Arithmetic and Algebra Again has helped tens of thousands of people conquer their irrational fear of math. This revised and expanded second edition of the perennial bestseller: Features the latest techniques for breaking through common anxieties about numbers Takes a real-world approach that lets mathphobes learn the math they need as they need it Covers all key math areas--from whole numbers and fractions to basic algebra Features a section on practical math for banking, mortgages, interest, and statistics and probability Includes a new section on the graphing calculator, a chapter on the metric system, a section on word problems, and all updated exercises

This book is different from other books of similar content, not in term of the material it contains but in term of the way this material is processed and presented. It does not only study the arithmetic topics studied in school, but also analyzes how these ones can be used in various other areas and in solving real life problems. Additionally, it does not try to turn enjoyable and entertaining problems into tedious tasks that are often fruitless for serious work. It avoids difficult problems and selects only the material that is accessible for the majority of the readers.

This book uses a practical approach to arithmetic and beginning algebra and assumes no prior knowledge of mathematics. By thoroughly explaining various mathematical techniques, Proga helps students understand why a technique works so they'll remember how to use it. Well-known for its flexibility and complete coverage of arithmetic and algebra topics, Proga's text is perfectly suited for a combination arithmetic-elementary algebra course, for either an arithmetic or an algebra course, or for a two-term course sequence.