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The group of chemicals known collectively as neurotransmitters form the basis of a complex communication system between nerve cells. It is a system that is constantly subtly refined and regulated via the modulating action of other neurotransmitters, circulating hormones, the products of local tissues and the action of various drugs (from both medicinal and socially abused sources). In this book, acknowledged authorities concisely describe the basic mechanisms involved in neurotransmitter release modulation in the different parts of the nervous system. This includes a quantitative evaluation of the significance of modulation, a summary of its biological ramifications and potential clinical relevance.

This book explores serotonin and norepinephrine related disorders and provides a treatment plan for migraine, depression, insomnia, bipolar disorder, excessive aggression, anger, violence, decreased sexuality, increased body temperature, increased appetite for carbohydrates, irritable bowel syndrome, tinnitus, fibromyalgia, premenstrual syndrome, and seasonal affective disorder. Table of Contents: Introduction Serotonin and Norepinephrine Serotonin and Norepinephrine Related Disorders Causes of Serotonin and Norepinephrine Imbalance Balancing Serotonin and Norepinephrine Levels Though Diet and Supplementation Gluten and Dairy Caffeine Summary Desktop Yoga Wheat, Gluten, Dairy, Egg, and Yeast, Free Recipes My Own Journey with Migraine Neurotransmitter Solution Analysis BrainicityTM Transcranial Neural Network Optimizer

The main argument of this book is that cell signalling via nerves, hormones, local mediators and growth factors are not distinct phenomena, but branches of one general mechanism and should therefore be studied in an integrated manner. This volume is designed to act as a bridge between general texts and is aimed at biologists coming to the topic from a variety of backgrounds. The first two chapters introduce the general concepts of intracellular signalling and also cover the topic of direct cell-to-cell communication by cytoplasmic bridges (gap junctions). The remaining chapters cover the first and second messengers, starting with their structure, synthesis and release, progressing to the target cell and then working from the membrane inwards towards the nucleus. There is also a section on the mechanism of nervous conduction and the regulation of the ionic balace of cells. The final chapters discuss the regulation of cell growth and division and the special case of messengers acting via nuclear receptors.

Like the cracking of the genetic code and the creation of the atomic bomb, the discovery of how the brain's neurons work is one of the fundamental scientific developments of the twentieth century. The discovery of neurotransmitters revolutionized the way we think about the brain and what it means to be human yet few people know how they were discovered, the scientists involved, or the fierce controversy about whether they even existed. The War of the Soups and the Sparks tells the saga of the dispute between the pharmacologists, who had uncovered the first evidence that nerves communicate by releasing chemicals, and the neurophysiologists, experts on the nervous system, who dismissed the evidence and remained committed to electrical explanations.The protagonists of this story are Otto Loewi and Henry Dale, who received Nobel Prizes for their work, and Walter Cannon, who would have shared the prize with them if he had not been persuaded to adopt a controversial theory (how that happened is an important part of this history). Valenstein sets his story of scientific discovery against the backdrop of two world wars and examines the fascinating lives of several scientists whose work was affected by the social and political events of their time. He recounts such stories as Loewi's arrest by Nazi storm troopers and Dale's efforts at helping key scientists escape Germany. The War of the Soups and the Sparks reveals how science and scientists work. Valenstein describes the observations and experiments that led to the discovery of neurotransmitters and sheds light on what determines whether a novel concept will gain acceptance among the scientific community. His work also explains the immense importance of Loewi, Dale, and Cannon's achievements in our understanding of the human brain and the way mental illnesses are conceptualized and treated.

Like the cracking of the genetic code and the creation of the atomic bomb, the discovery of how the brain's neurons work is one of the fundamental scientific developments of the twentieth century. The discovery of neurotransmitters revolutionized the way we think about the brain and what it means to be human yet few people know how they were discovered, the scientists involved, or the fierce controversy about whether they even existed. The War of the Soups and the Sparks tells the saga of the dispute between the pharmacologists, who had uncovered the first evidence that nerves communicate by releasing chemicals, and the neurophysiologists, experts on the nervous system, who dismissed the evidence and remained committed to electrical explanations.The protagonists of this story are Otto Loewi and Henry Dale, who received Nobel Prizes for their work, and Walter Cannon, who would have shared the prize with them if he had not been persuaded to adopt a controversial theory (how that happened is an important part of this history). Valenstein sets his story of scientific discovery against the backdrop of two world wars and examines the fascinating lives of several scientists whose work was affected by the social and political events of their time. He recounts such stories as Loewi's arrest by Nazi storm troopers and Dale's efforts at helping key scientists escape Germany. The War of the Soups and the Sparks reveals how science and scientists work. Valenstein describes the observations and experiments that led to the discovery of neurotransmitters and sheds light on what determines whether a novel concept will gain acceptance among the scientific community. His work also explains the immense importance of Loewi, Dale, and Cannon's achievements in our understanding of the human brain and the way mental illnesses are conceptualized and treated.

Like the cracking of the genetic code and the creation of the atomic bomb, the discovery of how the brain's neurons work is one of the fundamental scientific developments of the twentieth century. The discovery of neurotransmitters revolutionized the way we think about the brain and what it means to be human yet few people know how they were discovered, the scientists involved, or the fierce controversy about whether they even existed. The War of the Soups and the Sparks tells the saga of the dispute between the pharmacologists, who had uncovered the first evidence that nerves communicate by releasing chemicals, and the neurophysiologists, experts on the nervous system, who dismissed the evidence and remained committed to electrical explanations.The protagonists of this story are Otto Loewi and Henry Dale, who received Nobel Prizes for their work, and Walter Cannon, who would have shared the prize with them if he had not been persuaded to adopt a controversial theory (how that happened is an important part of this history). Valenstein sets his story of scientific discovery against the backdrop of two world wars and examines the fascinating lives of several scientists whose work was affected by the social and political events of their time. He recounts such stories as Loewi's arrest by Nazi storm troopers and Dale's efforts at helping key scientists escape Germany. The War of the Soups and the Sparks reveals how science and scientists work. Valenstein describes the observations and experiments that led to the discovery of neurotransmitters and sheds light on what determines whether a novel concept will gain acceptance among the scientific community. His work also explains the immense importance of Loewi, Dale, and Cannon's achievements in our understanding of the human brain and the way mental illnesses are conceptualized and treated.

Alpha Brain is a fully balanced Nootropic or a brain vitamin. This formula focuses on increasing a neurotransmitter in the brain Acetylcholine. This neurotransmitter is directly responsible for focus mental acuity drive memory function clearing men

Alpha Brain is a fully balanced Nootropic or a brain vitamin. This formula focuses on increasing a neurotransmitter in the brain Acetylcholine. This neurotransmitter is directly responsible for focus mental acuity drive memory function clearing men

Alpha BRAIN® Instant is our fastest way to help optimize your mental performance without the use of any stimulants. Alpha BRAIN® has been shown to help improve memory focus and processing speed in healthy adults by targeting neurotransmitter precursors

Luxe Raspberry Clay Mask Offers up Shisandra Berry and Raspberry powerhouse action! This partnership leads the way in this formula with its astringent properties that allow the skin to hold onto more moisture and remain tighter and more toned. Contains Hexapeptide-3 that blocks neurotransmitter receptors to block the use of facial muscles. A topical Botox like effect. Rich in crucial Vitamins C & E to soften skin, plump and glow. Rosehip Seed Oil, a pretty pink-red praised for its skin-healing properties, high in Vitamin A boost cell turnover & collagen with non-pore-clogging moisture graces skin for anti-aging. What's Inside Use after Glow Mask on wet skin. Leave on until dry and rinse. Allow with Hydra Drench Mask and Luxe Serum. Kaolin Clay, Deionized Water, Kosher, Vegetable, Cetyl Alcohol, Glyceryl Stearate, Isopropyl Palmitate, Lactic Acid, Olive Oil, Aloe Vera,, Wild Geranium, Raspberry, Schisandra, Msm, Witch Hazel, Organic Rosehip Seed, Vitamin C, Vitamin E, Hexapeptide-1, Coq10, Pomegranate, Organic Green Tea, Sweet Orange, Lemon, Honeysuckle, Japanese Honeysuckle, Apple, Sugar Cane, Boswellia Serrata Oil Frankincense Essential Oil, Graveolens Flower Oil Geranium Essential Oil, Lemongrass Essential Oil, Cetearyl Alcohol, Stearyl Alcohol, Cetearyl Glucoside, Xanthan Gum, Tetrasodium Glutamate Diacetate, Butylene Glycol, Dipeptide Diaminobutyroyl Benzylamide Diacetate, Lecithin, Lysolecithin, Phytic Acid, Pullulan, Sclerotium Gum, Red Iron Oxide (CI 77491), Phenoxyethanol (Preservative), Ethylhexylglycerin (Preservatuve)

Package quantity: 450mg x 28 TabletsBenefits:This product is a sleep aid supplement that contains 1mg of plant-based Melatonin per tablet extracted from Pistachio that may improves sleeping health.Formulated with Magnesium, it may helps with Melatonin synthesis and stabilizes body by producing neurotransmitter.Contains Tart Cherry from United States that is rich in Vitamin A, Beta-Carotene, Iron and Calcium.Enriched with GABA, L-Tryptophan, Rice Fermentation Powder, Ecklonia Cava and Passionflower Extract Powder, it may relieves anxiety and improves sleeping quality.Main ingredients:Melatonin: A hormone produced by body to regulate sleep cycle. Might improve sleep health.Magnesium: A mineral that is essential for the maintenance of bone. Might also improve sleep quality, lower blood sugar level and blood pressure.Tart Cherry: Rich in various nutrients including Vitamin A and Iron, it might increases muscle strength, improves brain health and immune system.How to use. Ingredient: Magnesium Oxide, Tart Cherry Concentrate Powder[Tart Cherry Concentrate(Tart Cherry Concentrate/ United States), Dextrin, Arabic Gum], Pistachio Extract Powder(China/Pistachio Extract, Maltodextrin), Crystalline Cellulose, Carboxymethylcellulose Calcium, Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose, Silicon Dioxide, Magnesium Stearate, Oryza Sativa (Rice) Bran Extract(United States), Fragrance(GABA), Passionflower Extract Powder, L-Tryptophan, Seaweed Calcium, Rice Fermentation Powder, Ecklonia Cava Extract Powder, Milk Protein Hydrolysate *Contains Milk

Fibromyalgia is a common and chronic medical disordercharacterized by widespread pain and often coupledwith other symptoms such as fatigue, disturbed sleep,chronic headaches, and other ailments. Recent researchshows that the disorder is directly related to decreasedlevels of the neurotransmitter dopamine. The solution,renowned rheumatologist Dr. David Dryland argues, isto regulate levels of dopamine in the body through an"off-label protocol" using the FDA-approved medicationsMirapex and Requip, which help mute painsignals traveling from the body to the brain. This vitaland necessary book will also show readers how to:- develop a protocol to successfully treat fibromyalgia- identify what causes the disease and its debilitatingflare-ups- determine which symptoms can be attributed tofibromyalgia and which cannot- use non-drug treatments for relieving the painfulsymptoms of the disease- and more.

Comprehensively examining the relationship between cognition and emotion, this authoritative handbook brings together leading investigators from multiple psychological subdisciplines. Biological underpinnings of the cognition-emotion interface are reviewed, including the role of neurotransmitters and hormones. Contributors explore how key cognitive processes--such as attention, learning, and memory--shape emotional phenomena, and vice versa. Individual differences in areas where cognition and emotion interact--such as agreeableness and emotional intelligence--are addressed. The volume also analyzes the roles of cognition and emotion in anxiety, depression, borderline personality disorder, and other psychological disorders.

Nyborg sets out to prove that classic ideas of the mind, learning, and memory must be re-examined through the lens of modern biology. Neuroscience and the biological and biomedical sciences have advanced far beyond the limits of 19th century neuroanatomy, and we now know that chemical neurotransmitters and circulating hormones act to alter electrical brain activity and structure. At the same time heredity is now recognized to be not as omnipotent as in the Nature/Nurture debate of the last century.Nyborg examines these issues, and he shows that recent research in the molecular and brain sciences makes it possible to develop alternative research programs that apply empirical, quantitative, natural science principles and methods in order to unravel intricate problems like human nature and society. He concludes this work with a new approach--Physicology--the study of physico-chemical processes behind body, brain, behavior, and society. This book will be of great interest to behavioral scientists, and all concerned with the impact of physico-chemical processes on the changes in ourselves and our societies.

A Karger 'Publishing Highlights 1890–2015' title The authors of this book developed the only clinical neurochemistry laboratory equipped routinely to assay all circulating neurotransmitters. These parameters have been measured in more than 20,000 normal, severely diseased, depressed, stressed and psychosomatic patients. The results obtained have been published in more than 100 scientific papers. The authors postulated the existence of at least three well-defined types of pathophysiologic profiles: (1) endogenous depression, (2) dysthymic depression, and (3) uncoping (maladapted) to stress. Being aware of them, clinicians can prescribe distinct neuropharmacological therapies. The first and third profiles are also registered in Th1 and Th2 autoimmune diseased patients, respectively. The first part of the book is devoted to the outline of these central neurocircuitry functions during the wake-sleep cycle in normal subjects as well as depressive states, uncoping stress, psychotics, bipolar disorders and panic attacks. Due to these neuroautonomic and neuroimmune interactions being noticed, various neuropharmacological therapeutic approaches can be referred to. In a second part the authors present treatments able to cure or help improve diseases presenting with a Th1 autoimmune profile as well as a Th2 autoimmune profile.

Amino acids are essential to life. They are central to virtually every function of the human body. All body tissues - every muscle, hair, nail, enzyme, and brain cell - is made of amino-acids. They are the precursors to happy and sad brain chemicals or neurotransmitters. The pool of amino acids is highly dynamic, changing moment by moment by shifting the flow of metabolic pathways in response to multiple physiological signals. The benefits of taking amino-acids to improve your health can hardly be overstated.They are central to the bio-chemistry of your body. They play a major role in nearly every chemical process that affects both physical and mental function. Ensuring a balanced and optimal intake of amino acids becomes critical for prevention as well as treatment of many chronic illnesses.Discover the therapeutic potential of amino acids from improving libido, relieving pain, stimulate weight loss, slow ageing, ease pain, balance mental health, optimize gut function to boosting energy.This book offers an in-depth peak at:· Properties and classification· Therapeutic role in body's physiology· The high’s and low’s of each amino acid· Assessment and interpretation of lab reports· Custom compounding of amino acids

This now-classic text presents the most relevant points in clinical neuroanatomy with mnemonics, humor and case presentations. The new edition adds a chapter on neurotransmitters. For neuroanatomy courses and Board review. Includes interactive program (Win/Mac) titled Neurologic Localization, downloadable from the Medmaster website. The program contains 3D animated rotations of the brain; neuroanatomy lab tutorial with photographs of brain specimens; instructions on how to localize neurologic injuries; interactive quiz on classic neurologic cases.

New MOOD® is great for unwinding after a long day at work or helping erase occasional daily stresses. Serotonin has been shown to be a key neurotransmitter linked to mood happiness and positive outlook.

A pioneer in the identification of receptors for neurotransmitters and drugs and in the explanation of the actions of psychotropic agents, Solomon Snyder has been instrumental in the establishment of modern psychopharmacology.Science and Psychiatry is a collection of some of his best scientific papers from the past forty years, representing important advances in psychopharmacology and molecular biology. Some offer insight into modern neuroscience to help make sense of available psychotropic medications and point the way toward more effective and safer agents; others describe the underpinnings of psychopharmacology that practitioners need to know, especially regarding the role of receptors in drug action. The articles cover nine areas of research with particular attention to four groups of extraordinary discoveries for which Snyder is widely recognized: the identification of opiate receptors, characterization of the IP3 receptor, the establishment of nitric oxide as a transmitter in the brain, and the discovery that D-serine is the normal stimulus for the glycine site of the NMDA receptor. Each section is accompanied by a commentary by a well-known authority that puts the discoveries in perspective. Together, they attest to the rich diversity of Snyder s research while conveying the origins of modern psychopharmacologic practice.

Over the past 15 years, this volume has become widely recognized as the best on its subject, providing the liveliest and most lucid available account of neurotransmitters and their relation to drug action. The fifth edition features two new chapters on topics of current interest: molecular neurobiology and neuromodulation. In addition, all other chapters have been updated. It is a useful book for a wide variety of students and professionals, including neuroscientists, clinical neurologists, psychiatrists, psychologists, biochemists and pharmacologists.