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From the fat earth to the sun`s chariot traditiona spiritua texts seem wedded to outmoded cosmoogies that show, at best, the scientific imitations of their authors the bhagavata purana, one of the cassica scriptures of hinduism, seems, at first gance, to be no exception however, a coser examination of this text reveas unexpected depths of knowedge in ancient cosmoogy this shows that the cosmoogy of the bhagavata purana is a sophisticated system, with mutipe eves of meaning that encode at east four different astronomica, geographica, and spiritua word modes by viewing the text in the ight of modern astronomy, richard thompson shows how ancient scientists expressed exact knowedge in apparenty mythoogica terms comparison with the ancient traditions of egypt and the near east shows eary cutura connections between india and these regions incuding a surprisingy advanced science however, quantitative science is ony part of the picture this work aso offers a cear understanding of how the spiritua dimension was integrated into ancient indian cosmoogy

This is part II of the Sacred Books of the East translation of the Pahlavi Texts of Zoroastrianism. Containing The Dadistan-i Dinik and the Epistles of Manuskihar.About the AuthorThomas Firminger Thiselton-Dyer (1843 - 1928)Sir William Turner Thiselton-Dyer FLS FRS KCMG (July 28, 1843-December 23, 1928) was a British botanist.Thiselton-Dyer was born in Westminster, London. Initially studying mathematics at Oxford University, he graduated in natural science in 1867. He became Professor of Natural History at the Royal Agricultural College in Cirencester and then Professor of Botany at the Royal College of Science in Dublin. In 1872, he became professor at the Royal Horticultural Society in London, being recommended by Joseph Hooker.Then in 1875, Thiselton-Dyer was offered the Assistant Directorship at Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, under Hooker, where he was to stay for thirty years. Thiselton-Dyer spent considerable time on the Colonies, e.g. introducing rubber to plantations of Sri Lanka and Malaya, and the introduction of cacao from Trinidad to plantations in Sri Lanka. In 1877, he was given charge of an international research laboratory, established at Kew with private funding, which became known as one of the best laboratories in Europe. Thiselton-Dyer was also given the task of designing a new rock garden, following a bequest to Kew in 1881 of a large collection of Alpine plants.Thiselton-Dyer was elected FRS in 1880. His proposers included Charles Darwin and George Bentham, but not J.D. Hooker, whose daughter Dyer had already married.From 1885 to 1905, after the retirement of Hooker, he was director of the Royal Botanic Gardens. He was a fellow of the University of London from 1887 to 1890, Royal Commissioner to the Par

This is part II of the Sacred Books of the East translation of the Pahlavi Texts of Zoroastrianism. Containing The Dadistan-i Dinik and the Epistles of Manuskihar.About the AuthorThomas Firminger Thiselton-Dyer (1843 - 1928)Sir William Turner Thiselton-Dyer FLS FRS KCMG (July 28, 1843-December 23, 1928) was a British botanist.Thiselton-Dyer was born in Westminster, London. Initially studying mathematics at Oxford University, he graduated in natural science in 1867. He became Professor of Natural History at the Royal Agricultural College in Cirencester and then Professor of Botany at the Royal College of Science in Dublin. In 1872, he became professor at the Royal Horticultural Society in London, being recommended by Joseph Hooker.Then in 1875, Thiselton-Dyer was offered the Assistant Directorship at Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, under Hooker, where he was to stay for thirty years. Thiselton-Dyer spent considerable time on the Colonies, e.g. introducing rubber to plantations of Sri Lanka and Malaya, and the introduction of cacao from Trinidad to plantations in Sri Lanka. In 1877, he was given charge of an international research laboratory, established at Kew with private funding, which became known as one of the best laboratories in Europe. Thiselton-Dyer was also given the task of designing a new rock garden, following a bequest to Kew in 1881 of a large collection of Alpine plants.Thiselton-Dyer was elected FRS in 1880. His proposers included Charles Darwin and George Bentham, but not J.D. Hooker, whose daughter Dyer had already married.From 1885 to 1905, after the retirement of Hooker, he was director of the Royal Botanic Gardens. He was a fellow of the University of London from 1887 to 1890, Royal Commissioner to the Par

This is part I of the Sacred Books of the East Pahlavi Texts translation. It includes a number of crucial medieval Zoroastrian texts: the Bundahis, Selections of Zad-sparam, the Bahman Yast, and the Shayast la-Shayast, as put into writing about the sixth century [AD]. The Bundahis is of note because it is a collection of Zoroastrian traditions about the creation of the world. The Shayast la-Shayast deals with matters of ritual impurity, sin, and rituals related to purification, including many cases related to dead bodies. The Bahman Yast is a prophetic text, which details thousands of years of history, including the downfall and rebirth of the Zoroastrian faith. West compares these texts respectively to the Biblical books of Genesis, Leviticus and Revelation. (Quote from sacred-texts.com)About the AuthorThomas Firminger Thiselton-Dyer (1843 - 1928)Sir William Turner Thiselton-Dyer FLS FRS KCMG (July 28, 1843-December 23, 1928) was a British botanist.Thiselton-Dyer was born in Westminster, London. Initially studying mathematics at Oxford University, he graduated in natural science in 1867. He became Professor of Natural History at the Royal Agricultural College in Cirencester and then Professor of Botany at the Royal College of Science in Dublin. In 1872, he became professor at the Royal Horticultural Society in London, being recommended by Joseph Hooker.Then in 1875, Thiselton-Dyer was offered the Assistant Directorship at Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, under Hooker, where he was to stay for thirty years. Thiselton-Dyer spent considerable time on the Colonies, e.g. introducing rubber to plantations of Sri Lanka and Malaya, and the introduction of cacao from Trinidad to plantations in Sri Lanka. In 1877, he was given charge of an international re

This is part I of the Sacred Books of the East Pahlavi Texts translation. It includes a number of crucial medieval Zoroastrian texts: the Bundahis, Selections of Zad-sparam, the Bahman Yast, and the Shayast la-Shayast, as put into writing about the sixth century [AD]. The Bundahis is of note because it is a collection of Zoroastrian traditions about the creation of the world. The Shayast la-Shayast deals with matters of ritual impurity, sin, and rituals related to purification, including many cases related to dead bodies. The Bahman Yast is a prophetic text, which details thousands of years of history, including the downfall and rebirth of the Zoroastrian faith. West compares these texts respectively to the Biblical books of Genesis, Leviticus and Revelation. (Quote from sacred-texts.com)About the AuthorThomas Firminger Thiselton-Dyer (1843 - 1928)Sir William Turner Thiselton-Dyer FLS FRS KCMG (July 28, 1843-December 23, 1928) was a British botanist.Thiselton-Dyer was born in Westminster, London. Initially studying mathematics at Oxford University, he graduated in natural science in 1867. He became Professor of Natural History at the Royal Agricultural College in Cirencester and then Professor of Botany at the Royal College of Science in Dublin. In 1872, he became professor at the Royal Horticultural Society in London, being recommended by Joseph Hooker.Then in 1875, Thiselton-Dyer was offered the Assistant Directorship at Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, under Hooker, where he was to stay for thirty years. Thiselton-Dyer spent considerable time on the Colonies, e.g. introducing rubber to plantations of Sri Lanka and Malaya, and the introduction of cacao from Trinidad to plantations in Sri Lanka. In 1877, he was given charge of an international re

This is part III of the Sacred Books of the East translation of the Pahlavi Texts of Zoroastrianism. Containing The Dina-i Mainog-i Khirad, Sikand-gumanik Vigar, and the Sad Dar.About the AuthorThomas Firminger Thiselton-Dyer (1843 - 1928)Sir William Turner Thiselton-Dyer FLS FRS KCMG (July 28, 1843-December 23, 1928) was a British botanist.Thiselton-Dyer was born in Westminster, London. Initially studying mathematics at Oxford University, he graduated in natural science in 1867. He became Professor of Natural History at the Royal Agricultural College in Cirencester and then Professor of Botany at the Royal College of Science in Dublin. In 1872, he became professor at the Royal Horticultural Society in London, being recommended by Joseph Hooker.Then in 1875, Thiselton-Dyer was offered the Assistant Directorship at Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, under Hooker, where he was to stay for thirty years. Thiselton-Dyer spent considerable time on the Colonies, e.g. introducing rubber to plantations of Sri Lanka and Malaya, and the introduction of cacao from Trinidad to plantations in Sri Lanka. In 1877, he was given charge of an international research laboratory, established at Kew with private funding, which became known as one of the best laboratories in Europe. Thiselton-Dyer was also given the task of designing a new rock garden, following a bequest to Kew in 1881 of a large collection of Alpine plants.Thiselton-Dyer was elected FRS in 1880. His proposers included Charles Darwin and George Bentham, but not J.D. Hooker, whose daughter Dyer had already married.From 1885 to 1905, after the retirement of Hooker, he was director of the Royal Botanic Gardens. He was a fellow of the University of London from 1887 to 1890, Royal Commissi

First published in 2004. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.

The 1920s saw the creation of numerous new monarchies and regimes in the Middle East. This book gives a detailed history of the new regime change in Iran in the 1920s. Using U.S. State Department archives, Mohammad Gholi Majd first describes the overthrow of the Qajar dynasty, which ruled Iran since the 1790s, and its replacement by the Pahlavi monarchy in 1925. He then describes the consolidation of the new regime and suppression of the opposition between 1926 and 1930. By 1931, resistance to the Pahlavi regime and the harsh response thereto set the stage for a long struggle between the Pahlavi monarchy and the Ulama that ended with the Islamic Revolution in 1979. This book is the first detailed and documented history of Iran during 1919-1930 in the English language.

The 1920s saw the creation of numerous new monarchies and regimes in the Middle East. This book gives a detailed history of the new regime change in Iran in the 1920s. Using U.S. State Department archives, Mohammad Gholi Majd first describes the overthrow of the Qajar dynasty, which ruled Iran since the 1790s, and its replacement by the Pahlavi monarchy in 1925. He then describes the consolidation of the new regime and suppression of the opposition between 1926 and 1930. By 1931, resistance to the Pahlavi regime and the harsh response thereto set the stage for a long struggle between the Pahlavi monarchy and the Ulama that ended with the Islamic Revolution in 1979. This book is the first detailed and documented history of Iran during 1919-1930 in the English language.

"When first published in 1975, this book for the first time in any language was the full-length study of Riza [Reza] Shah Pahlavi and his time. His participation in the coup d'etat of 1921 marked the opening stage of resurrection of Iran [Persia], while his coronation in 1926 as the first monarch of the Pahlavi dynasty marked the unfolding of its reconstruction. This is the story of a man who loved his country more than life itself. Born in 1878, starting on a career as a soldier with little education and no fortune, he became an absolute monarch, implacable on his hatred of foreign influence, demanding of himself and his people. Rising through the ranks of the army, holding council with no one, Riza Shah envisaged a modern and powerful nation, and when the opportunity came he seized it--striving to unite the villagers, the nomads, the city dwellers into a strongly nationalistic, progressive country"--Provided by publisher.

"When first published in 1975, this book for the first time in any language was the full-length study of Riza [Reza] Shah Pahlavi and his time. His participation in the coup d'etat of 1921 marked the opening stage of resurrection of Iran [Persia], while his coronation in 1926 as the first monarch of the Pahlavi dynasty marked the unfolding of its reconstruction. This is the story of a man who loved his country more than life itself. Born in 1878, starting on a career as a soldier with little education and no fortune, he became an absolute monarch, implacable on his hatred of foreign influence, demanding of himself and his people. Rising through the ranks of the army, holding council with no one, Riza Shah envisaged a modern and powerful nation, and when the opportunity came he seized it--striving to unite the villagers, the nomads, the city dwellers into a strongly nationalistic, progressive country"--Provided by publisher.

First published in 2004. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.

Going back to the turn of the century, this book offers a cogent analysis and an objective assessment of the origins and dimensions of the 1979 Iranian Revolution. It reassesses the narrowly focused post-revolution explanations, as it traces the fate of the Pahlavi dynasty to deep-rooted and structural weaknesses and contradictions in Iranian society, economy, and politics.This critical examination leaves the reader with a deeper understanding of Iran's modern history and an appreciation for the interplay of forces currently at work within the Islamic Republic. It also provides persuasive commentary on the inherent plight of other Third World countries plagued with similar legacies and pre-revolutionary conditions.

An immersive, gripping account of the rise and fall of Iran's glamorous Pahlavi dynasty, written with the cooperation of the late Shah's widow, Empress Farah, Iranian revolutionaries and US officials from the Carter administrationIn this remarkably human portrait of one of the twentieth century's most complicated personalities, Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, Andrew Scott Cooper traces the Shah's life from childhood through his ascension to the throne in 1941. He draws the turbulence of the post-war era during which the Shah survived assassination attempts and coup plots to build a modern, pro-Western state and launch Iran onto the world stage as one of the world's top five powers. Readers get the story of the Shah's political career alongside the story of his courtship and marriage to Farah Diba, who became a power in her own right, the beloved family they created, and an exclusive look at life inside the palace during the Iranian Revolution. Cooper's investigative account ultimately delivers the fall of the Pahlavi dynasty through the eyes of those who were there: leading Iranian revolutionaries; President Jimmy Carter and White House officials; US Ambassador William Sullivan and his staff in the American embassy in Tehran; American families caught up in the drama; even Empress Farah herself, and the rest of the Iranian Imperial family. Intimate and sweeping at once, The Fall of Heaven recreates in stunning detail the dramatic and final days of one of the world's most legendary ruling families, the unseating of which helped set the stage for the current state of the Middle East.

Straddled between the world's two major energy basins, the Persian Gulf and the Caspian Sea, and possessing a rich reservoir of hydrocarbon resources as well as diverse minerals, Iran has always been economically significant. The Islamic Revolution thrust the country back onto the political centre-stage, and dramatically altered relations between Iran and the West.This book looks at these developments within an historical context. It charts how Iran sought to respond to the challenge of the West through reform and revolution, and to reverse the deline of the previous century with an ambitious programme of development. Combining detailed historical narrative with comprehensive analysis and explanation, Ali Ansari presents a new interpretation of the complex cultural polity that is modern Iran.

Great book, I couldn't put it down! Shows normal wear.

Since the Shah went into exile and the Islamic Republic was established in 1979 in the wake of the Iranian Revolution, the very idea of monarchy in Iran has been contentious. Yet, as Persian Kingship and Architecture argues, the institution of kingship has historically played a pivotal role in articulating the abstract notion of 'Iran' since antiquity. These ideas surrounding kingship and nation have, in turn, served as a unifying cultural force despite shifting political and religious allegiances. Through analyses of palaces, mausolea, art, architectural decoration and urban design the authors show how architecture was appropriated by different rulers as an integral part of their strategies of legitimising power. They refer to a variety of examples, from the monuments of Persepolis under the Achamenids, the Sassanian palaces at Kish, the Safavid public squares of Isfahan, the Qajar palaces at Shiraz and to the modernisation and urban agendas of the Pahlavis. Drawing on archaeology, ancient, medieval, early and modern architectural history, both Islamic and secular, this book is indispensable for all those interested in Iranian studies and visual culture.

Orders, Decorations, and Medals of the Empire of Iran - the Pahlavi Era is an astonishing effort in categorisation of the Pre-revolutionary Iranian awards. Museums, historians, auction houses, numismatists, collectors, and interest groups particularly in the hostile post-revolutionary milieu of the Islamic Republic were hampered by lack of solid information in this particular area of Iranian modern history. Some thirty years of "collective memory decay" combined with a dearth of books, pamphlets, informative texts or journal articles had heretofore limited the study of modern Iranian heraldry. Sourcing a new medal specimen, in itself an arduous task in the aftermath of the Islamic Revolution, was made quite a lot more complicated by the effort in deciphering its purpose, the heraldic elements in its construction, and other such attributes. Many orders are in multiple classes and it is not always possible to guess at the various grades of an award. Many times there are ribbon attachments missing or the medal badge has been placed on the wrong ribbon! Examining literally thousands of photographs with the eye of a forensic assessor, the author was able to compare ribbon bars with specimen awards, consider timelines of images and at length compile the material in the present format. Dr. Younessi has combined his passion for heraldry, numismatics, and photography with his command of the English and Persian languages as well as research skills gained in his career as a surgeon to bridge the gap in our knowledge of the orders and decorations of Iran.

Iran was the first country of the Middle East to experience (in 1905-1906) a popular revolution that demanded the rule of law and parliamentary government. Seeking to explain this pattern, Katouzian offers a theoretical framework for the study of Iranian history, state, and society which is then applied to social and political developments from the Constitutional Revolution to the fall of the Qajar state.

The surprising story of Irans transformation from Americas ally in the Middle East into one of its staunchest adversaries"An original interpretation that puts Iranian actors where they belong: at center stage."-Michael Doran, Wall Street JournalAn extraordinary account. . . . Deeply nuanced and eloquent.-Benjamin Weinthal, Jerusalem PostOffering a new view of one of Americas most important, infamously strained, and widely misunderstood relationships of the postwar era, this book tells the history of America and Iran from the time the last shah, Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, was placed on the throne in 1941 to the 1979 revolution that brought the present Islamist government to power. This revolution was not, as many believe, the popular overthrow of a powerful and ruthless puppet of the United States; rather, it followed decades of corrosion of Irans political establishment by an autocratic ruler who demanded fealty but lacked the personal strength to make hard decisions and, ultimately, lost the support of every sector of Iranian society. Esteemed Middle East scholar Ray Takeyh provides new interpretations of many key events-including the 1953 coup against Prime Minister Mohammad Mossadeq and the rise of Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini-significantly revising our understanding of America and Irans complex and difficult history.