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This book brings together a selection of the best papers from the sixteenth edition of the Forum on specification and Design Languages Conference (FDL), which was held in September 2013 in Paris, France. FDL is a well-established international forum devoted to dissemination of research results, practical experiences and new ideas in the application of specification, design and verification languages to the design, modeling and verification of integrated circuits, complex hardware/software embedded systems and mixed-technology systems.

From 'Best of the Booker' winner Salman Rushdie, an incisive and inspiring collection of non-fiction essays, criticism and speeches that takes readers on a t...

There seems to be general agreement that children learn better when they understand what the teacher is saying. In Africa this is not the case. Instruction is given in a foreign language, a language neither pupils nor the teachers understand well. This is the greatest educational problem there is in Africa. This is the problem this book discusses and it is therefore an important book. The recent focus on quality education becomes meaningless when teaching is given in a language pupils do not understand. Babaci-Wilhite concludes that any local curriculum that ignores local languages and contexts risks a loss of learning quality and represent a violation of children’s rights in education. The book is highly recommended. Birgit Brock-Utne, Professor of Education and Development, University of Oslo, Norway Zehlia Babaci-Wilhite’s illuminating African case studies display a mastery of the literature on policies related to not only language policies integrally related to human rights in education, but to the relationship between education and national development. The book provides a paradigm shift from focusing on the issue of schooling access to the very meaning education has for personal and collective identity and affirmation. As such, it will appeal to a wide audience of education scholars, policy makers and practitioners. Robert F. Arnove, Chancellor’s Professor Emeritus of Educational Leadership & Policy Studies, Indiana University, Bloomington, USA A very important and timely book that makes crucial contribution to critical reviews of the policies about languages of instruction and rights in education in Africa. Brilliantly crafted and presented with great clarity the author puts into perspective issues that need to be addressed to improve academic performance in Africa’s educational systems in order to attain the goal of providing education for all as well as restoring rights in education. This can be achieved through critical examination of languages of instruction and of the cultural relevance of the curricula. Definitely required reading for scholars of education and human rights in general, in Africa in particular, as well as for education policy makers. Sam Mchombo, Associate Professor of African Languages and Linguistics, University of California, Berkeley, USA This book contributes to enlighten a crucial academic as well as a democratic and philosophical issue: The right to education and the rights in education, as it is seen in the dilemmas of the right to use your local language. It offers a high-level research and the work is both cutting edge and offers new knowledge to the fields of democracy, human rights and education. The book is a unique contribution to a very important academic discussion on rights in education connecting to language of instruction in schools, politics and power, as well as it frames the questions of why education and language can be seen as a human right for sustainable development in Africa. The...

An acclaimed linguist asks if culture influences language--and vice versa? Can different languages lead their speakers to different thoughts? Challenging the...

Gain an accelerated introduction to domain-specific languages in R, including coverage of regular expressions. This compact, in-depth book shows you how DSLs are programming languages specialized for a particular purpose, as opposed to general purpose programming languages. Along the way, you’ll learn to specify tasks you want to do in a precise way and achieve programming goals within a domain-specific context.  Domain-Specific Languages in R includes examples of DSLs including large data sets or matrix multiplication; pattern matching DSLs for application in computer vision; and DSLs for continuous time Markov chains and their applications in data science. After reading and using this book, you’ll understand how to write DSLs in R and have skills you can extrapolate to other programming languages. What You'll Learn Program with domain-specific languages using R Discover the components of DSLs Carry out large matrix expressions and multiplications  Implement metaprogramming with DSLs Parse and manipulate expressions  Who This Book Is For Those with prior programming experience. R knowledge is helpful but not required.  

Relates theories of first and second language acquisition to what actually goes on in the classroom Uses activities throughout to explore the practical impli...

When I was very young, I started to collect phrases and words in many different languages and within the years I created a big archive. In the first edition of "My Archive Of Languages" (2016), I opened the archive to the public. This new edition contains updates, a lot of changes in structure and more languages. The work is divided in the so-called 'manuscripts' containing all words and phrases that were collected, and an appendix with 'Notes'. These notes contain useful information about the languages, grammatical features, explanations to the phrases, etc., making it a general reference work. It is intended for polyglots who want to get a glimpse in different languages and work with them on their own. The languages that can be found in this book are Abkhaz, Albanian, Amharic, Arabic (Algerian Arabic, Anatolian Arabic, Egyptian Arabic, Moroccan Arabic, Tunisian Arabic, Yemeni Arabic), Assyrian/ Syriac, Avar, Bakossi, Balochi, Bambara, Burmese, Buyang, Cameroon Pidgin (Kamtok), Chechen and Ingush, Circassian, Fulfulde, Georgian, Greenlandic, Hindi languages (Bhojpuri, Fiji Hindi, Kashmiri, Nepali, Rajasthani, Standard Hindi), Indonesian/ Malay, Irish Gaelic, Jingpo, Karone, Korean (North Korean, South Korean, Jeju), Kreyol (St. Lucia), Kurdish, Lezgin, Lingao, Lingala, Lisu, Lithuanian, Malagasy, Mbuwing/ Awing, Miao, Monegasque, Mongolian, Nigerian Pidgin English, Ossetian, Pashto, Persian (Farsi, Dari, Harazagi, Lori, Tajik, Tat and Jewish Tat), Pular, Romani, Samoan, Sarikoli, Serbo-Croatian, Serer, Slovenian, Southwestern Tai languages (mainly Lao, Shan, Thai), Swedish, Swiss German, Tahitian, Tamang, Tibetan (Dzongkha, Eastern Kham, Ladakhi, Northern Kham, Sikkimese, Standard Tibetan), Tokelauan, Tongan, Toucouleur, Turkic languages (Azerbaijani, Bashkir, Karakalpak, Kazakh, Kumyk, Kyrgyz, Nogay, Tatar, Turkish, Turkmen, Uyghur, Uzbek), Ukrainian, Urdu, Vietnamese, Wa/ Va, Wallisian, Wolof, Zhuang/ Buyi.

Languages of Truth offers Salman Rushdie's most piercingly analytical views yet on the evolution of literature and culture even as he takes us deep into his ...

This book presents comprehensive studies on nine specification languages and their logics of reasoning. The editors and authors are authorities on these specification languages and their application. In a unique feature, the book closes with short commentaries on the specification languages written by researchers closely associated with their original development. The book contains extensive references and pointers to future developments.

A celebration of the huge linguistic diversity that is open to all of us at birth, and that has inspired and fascinated humans since the invention of speech....

This book is the latest contribution to the Chip Design Languages series and it consists of selected papers presented at the Forum on Specifications and Design Languages (FDL'06), in September 2006. The book represents the state-of-the-art in research and practice, and it identifies new research directions. It highlights the role of specification and modelling languages, and presents practical experiences with specification and modelling languages.

‘We were so happy and didn’t know it…’ A thirty-three-year-old writer lives in a quiet European suburb with his wife and his dog. His parents have bought an ...

This book includes a selection of the best contributions to the Forum on Specification and Design Languages held in 2005 (FDL'05). It provides detailed insights into recent works dealing with a large spectrum of issues in system-on-chip design. All the chapters have been carefully revised and extended to offer up-to-date information. They also provide seeds for further researches and developments in the field of heterogeneous systems-on-chip design.

The book introduces the major branches of theoretical linguistics - phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics - in the context of cognitive science, with refe...

The book investigates multiple preverbs (PVs) in some ancient IE languages (Vedic, Homeric Greek, Old Church Slavic, and Old Irish). After an introduction, it opens with the theoretical framework and a typologically-oriented overview of PVs. It then gives quantitative data about multiple PV composites and carries out philological, formal, semantic, and syntactic analyses on them. The comparison among these languages suggests that a process of accumulation lies behind multiple PV composites. Also, PV ordering is explained by different factors: semantic solidarity between PVs and verbs PVs tendency to be specified by event participants, PVs etymologies, influence from other languages. The book also contributes to casting light on the reasons for PVs grammaticalization and lexicalization. These are two distinct reanalyses triggered by the same factor, i.e. the mentioned semantic solidarity, which makes PVs be felt as redundant. They are thus reassigned salient pieces of information as actional markers (grammaticalization) or reinterpreted as part of the verb (lexicalization).

From Arabic and Japanese to Hebrew, Javanese and Cherokee, explore 26 unique scripts and alphabets with Lonely Planet- and learn to write local proverbs with...

The CEFR Companion volume broadens the scope of language education. It reflects academic and societal developments since the publication of the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR) and updates the 2001 version. It owes much to the contributions of members of the language teaching profession across Europe and beyond. This volume contains: ► an explanation of the key aspects of the CEFR for teaching and learning; ► a complete set of updated CEFR descriptors that replaces the 2001 set with: - modality-inclusive and gender-neutral descriptors; - added detail on listening and reading; - a new Pre–A1 level, plus enriched description at A1 and C levels; - a replacement scale for phonological competence; - new scales for mediation, online interaction and plurilingual/pluricultural competence; - new scales for sign language competence; ► a short report on the four-year development, validation and consultation processes. The CEFR Companion volume represents another step in a process of engagement with language education that has been pursued by the Council of Europe since 1971 and which seeks to: ► promote and support the learning and teaching of modern languages; ► enhance intercultural dialogue, and thus mutual understanding, social cohesion and democracy; ► protect linguistic and cultural diversity in Europe; and ► promote the right to quality education for all.

Brought to you by Penguin. From 'Best of the Booker' winner Salman Rushdie, an incisive and inspiring collection of non-fiction essays, criticism and speeche...

Safeguarding Europe’s linguistic heritage The European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages is a Council of Europe convention designed to protect and promote states parties’ traditional minority languages and enable speakers of these languages to use them in both private and public life. This new edition of the collected texts of the Charter, presents, in addition to the text of the Charter and its explanatory report, the various decisions of the Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe concerning the arrangements for monitoring the application of the Charter by its states parties. It also includes the Rules of Procedure of the Committee of Experts of the Charter, which assesses the conformity of state policies and practices with the commitments undertaken. This publication outlines the evolution of the fundamental texts and commitments of European states to protect and promote the regional or minority languages spoken in Europe. Government experts and decision makers, representatives of the speakers of the more than 80 languages covered by the Charter and non-governmental organisations, researchers and other stakeholders will also find an update on the functioning of the Charter monitoring mechanism since its reform entered into force in July 2019.

This is the book on all of Tolkien's invented languages, spoken by hobbits, elves, and men of Middle-earth -- a dicitonary of fourteen languages, an English-...